文档介绍:一、形容词和副词的基本用法
:就是用来修饰名词或不定代词,表示人或事物的性质、状态和特征的词。形容词主要作定语、表语、补语。如:
1. This is a new pen. 这是支新钢笔。(形容词new作名词pen定语)
2. These oranges taste ________. (全国卷)
A. good                                 B. well
C. to be good                         D. to be well
【分析】答案选A。系动词taste(尝起来)后要接形容词作表语。
3. John was so sleepy that he could hardly keep his eyes ________. (全国卷)
A. open                                 B. to be opened
C. to open                              D. opening
【分析】答案选A。形容词open(开着的)作宾补,表示状态。注意:不要选答案D,因为open是短暂性动词,不能表状态。
:就是修饰动词、形容词、其它副词或全句,说明时间、地点、程度、方式等概念的词。副词在句中主要作状语。如:
It’s raining heavily. 雨下得很大。(副词heavily修饰谓语动词)
It’s a rather interesting job. 这是一份相当有趣的工作。(副词rather修饰形容词interesting)
She speaks English very well. 她的英语说得很好。(副词very修饰副词well)
This is just what he said. 这正是他所说的。(副词just修饰what he said)
注:here, there, in, out, away, abroad等少数副词也可以作表语;here, there, home, abroad, below等表示地点或方位的词及today, tomorrow, yesterday, back, out等表示时间或动词方向词还可以作定语。如:
Tom isn’t here. 汤姆不在这里。(here作表语)(from )
The people there were very kind to us. 那里的人对我们很友好。(副词there作定语,修饰people)
 
二、定语形容词与表语形容词
:有的形容词一般只作表语,如表示健康状况的well, unwell, ill, faint,表示情感反应的glad, sorry, fond, worth, able,以a开头的afraid, alone, asleep, alive, awake, alike, ashamed等。但有的可作后置定语或补语。
:通常只作定语的形容词,如起强调作用的only(唯一的), single(唯一的), certain(某一), real(真正的), true(真正的), very(正是), live(活的), exact(准确的), prese