文档介绍：题目: 工程造价对国民经济的影响
系部: 土木工程系
专业: 工程造价
班级: 工程造价09301
姓名: 刘艳彬
学号: 32809130
指导教师: 马玉香
目录
摘要··································································1
1 前言··································································1
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2工程量清单计价特点······················································4
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3工程量清单与传统定额计价的比较·········································7
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4工程量清单的优点及使用的现实意义·······································12
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5工程量清单计价实践中的几点思考·······································17
结束语·································································19
谢词··································································20
参考文献·······························································21
摘要
工程造价管理浅论摘要工程造价管理的基本内容:合理和有效控制工程造价。描述现阶段的工程造价管理的情况,加强了各阶段的工程造价管理工作的重要性,并提出了若干关键性举措。
关键词: 建设成本;建设工程造价管理的地位;市场经济条件下在的决策阶段;设计阶段;实施阶段管理投资.
前言
中国加入世贸组织的世界大家庭, 是中国建筑业如何有效地控制工程造价的建设和管理的一个重要组成部分。然而,目前建设项目年度预算为-概算\预算,超预算的"三超"现象仍然普遍存在,最终导致了项目投资严重失控。工程造价管理的基本内容,就是合理确定和有效控制工程造价。工程项目的费用,贯穿整个项目过程中,按阶段可分为:投资决策阶段,设计和实施阶段。所谓工程造价的有效控制, 就是在优化建设方案,设计方案的基础上,在建设过程的所有阶段,使用某些方法和措施,以降低工程成本,实现一个合理控制的范围和成本的核定限额。
1 工程造价管理工作的现状
工程造价管理制度形成于50年代, 80年代成熟起来,表现为国家直接参与经济管理活动。规定在设计阶段,以不同的概算或预算的编制以及政府有关部门制订财政预算案、内容、方法和审批, 这份预算案将提供固定费用、设备和材料,采用固定价格的形式预算编制、审批、管理权限等等。随着历史进程经过恢复、改革和发展,形成了比较完备的概预算定额管理制度。但是,随着社会主义市场经济的发展,制度的许多问题也暴露出来。一般来说,预算是基于直接参与管理国家的经济活动作为先决条件,企业并不是实际的经济实体,由于计划经济体制的特征,在当时的条件下,生产力必将成为短缺经济。严重的商品短缺的情况下,有一定程度的投资将有产品产出。在这种环境下,项目的规划和技术论证