文档介绍：声导抗基础知识培训
Tympanometry and Acoustic Reflex Measurements
鼓室声导抗和声反射测试
+Infant test mendations
婴儿测试的推荐方法
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Sound travel 声音传导
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Getting sound into a different medium 声音在不同媒介中的传导
Most of the sound energy is reflected when confronting a another medium...
大部分声能在临界面处被反射回来
…because different media
are more or less easy to bring
into motion (impedance)
因为不同媒介的声阻抗是不同的
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The role of the middle ear 中耳的作用
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The Ossicles 听小骨
Malleus 锤骨
Incus 砧骨
Stapes 镫骨
Three small bones forming a chain between the tympanic membrane and the inner ear
听骨链位于鼓膜和内耳之间,由3块听小骨组成
Airborne sound wave energy es mechanical vibration
空气传导的声波能量转换为机械振动
Compensates for the air - fluid impedance difference
补偿气液相不同媒介的导抗差
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The Middle ear anatomy 中耳解剖
Air
Air
Air pressure must be near equal on both sides of the ear drum in order to optimise mobility of the whole system
应使鼓膜两侧气压接近,从而保证中耳传声系统的最佳活动性
The Eustachian tube (ET) ventilates the middle ear and allows pressure equalisation
咽鼓管是中耳的通气管道,可保证中耳气压平衡
The ET opens when swallowing or yawning
吞咽和打哈欠时咽鼓管开放
Inner ear fluids 内淋巴
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Getting sound into a different medium 声音在不同媒介中的传导
The “stiletto” principle:圆锥效应
Force is collected over a larger area
and focused on a smaller area (B)
作用力在锥底收集后聚焦到锥尖
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How do we test the middle ear? 如何检测中耳功能
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中耳测试
精密的中耳系统
高精度的测试
高质量控制系统
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Part of the probe tone is reflected, and some is admitted into the middle ear
一部分探测音被反射回来,另一部分则进入中耳
The admittance is continuously measured by a microphone
声导纳通过麦克风持续测量计算出来
Admittance - letting the sound wave in 声导纳-将声波导入
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