文档介绍：本科毕业论文(设计)
外文翻译
外文出处 Public health-- United States
外文作者 Michael R. Grey, MD, MPH
原文:
Public Health Then and NowThe Medical Care Programsof the Farm Security Administration,1932 through 1947: A Rehearsal forNational Health Insurance?
Introduction
From 1935 to 1947, the federal government sponsored an extensive civilianmedical care program under the aegis of the US Department of Agriculture'sFarm Security Administration (FSA). The FSA's mission—to rehabilitate e farmers, sharecroppers, and migrant workers—led it to develop prehensive medical care program described by the Saturday Evening Post as a "gigantic rehearsal for health insurance."' At the program's peak, more than 650 (XH) p<K)r fanners and a million migrants were enrolled in medical care cooperatives or farm labor clinics in a third of all rural counties (Figure I). Although the New Deal has been richly mined by historians, remarkably little has been written atK)ut this "gigantic rehearsal" in the nearly half-century since it ended. Until the passage of Medicare and Medicaid, the FSA program was the largest government-sponsored program dedicated to providing medical care for a specified civilian group. The FSA's ess owes much to strategies the agency adopted to promote its medical program among skeptical physicians. These strategies are relevant guidelines as our nation again confronts the issue of national health security. Eager to avoid confrontation with both local physicians anized medicine, the FSA emphasized free choice of physician and voluntary participation.
Its decentralized approach promoted kical autonomy and gave physicians substantial but not absolute control over the operation of the medical care plans. Certainly, philanthropies, unions, physicians, and private industry sponsored various prepaid health care plans throughout this period and even eariier. However, the public/private character, extensive enrollment, comprehensive coverage coverage provisions, and preventive orientati