文档介绍：分词、不定式作宾补用法要点
、不定式作宾语补足语的区别
1. 感官动词see, watch , observe , look at , hear , listen to , notice 等和使役动词have 后面的宾补有四种形式:当宾语与宾语补足语之间存在逻辑上的主动关系时,需用动词原形(即不带to 的不定式)及doing(现在分词一般主动式),不带to 的不定式表完成,现在分词一般主动式表正在进行;当宾语与宾语补足语之间存在逻辑上的被动关系时,需用过去分词及being done(现在分词一般被动式), 过去分词表完成或没有一定的时间性, 现在分词一般被动式表正在进行。如:
(1) I heard her sing an English song just now .刚才我听见她唱了一首英文歌。(主动,完成)
(2) I heard her singing an English song when I passed by her room yesterday .昨天经过她房间时,我听见她在唱英文歌。(主动,正在进行)
(3) I heard an English song being sung by a little girl when I passed by her room yesterday. 昨天经过她房间时,我听见一个小女孩正在唱英文歌。(被动,正在进行)
(4) I want to have my hair 。(被动,完成或没有一定的时间性)
注意:不及物动词的过去分词作宾补表完成或状态。如:
(1) I looked down at my neck and found my necklace gone.(不及物动词,状态)
(2) I was surprised to find my hometown changed so much.(不及物动词,完成)
2. leave 后接非谓语动词作宾补时,意为:"使……处于某种状态"。
如:
(1) It's wrong of you to leave the machine 。(主动,正在进行)
(2) The guests left most of the dishes untouched,because they didn’t taste ,因为它们尝起来不可口。(被动,完成)
(3) He left, leaving me to do all the rest ,留下我一个人去做剩余的所有工作。(主动,将来)
(4) We hurriedly ended our meeting,leaving many problems to be ,留下了很多问题等待解决。(被动,将来).                                             
,get后接三种形式作宾补时,其中have,get表示“使、让、叫”之意。
(1) have =get “使/让某事由别人去做”(叫/让某人做某事)。如:
I’ll have/get