文档介绍：组织结构的决定因素
Why do structures differ?
Organizational structures ranged from the highly structured and standardized bureaucracy to the loose and amorphous anization. The other designs tend to exist somewhere between these two extremes.
Mechanistic Model
Organic Model
High specialization
Rigid departmentalization
Clear chain mand
Narrow spans of control
Centralization
High formalization
Cross-functional teams
Cross-hierarchical teams
Free flow of information
Wide spans of control
Decentralization
Low formalization
Two extreme models anization design
Mechanistic model
One extreme we call the Mechanistic model. It is generally synonymous with the bureaucracy in that it has extensive departmentalization, high formalization, a limited work (mostly munication), and little participation by low-level members in decision-making.
Organic model
At the other extreme is anic model. This model looks a lot like the anization. It’s flat, uses cross-hierarchical and cross functional teams, has low formalization, possesses prehensive work (utilizing lateral and munication as well as downward), and it involves high participation in decision making.
With these two models in mind, we’re now prepared to address this question: why
are anizations structured along more mechanistic lines while others anic characteristics? What are the forces influencing the design that is chosen?
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