文档介绍：北京科技大学车辆工程本科毕业论
摘要
铰接式自卸车是非公路用车辆,由于矿山环境复杂、路况恶劣,摆动架是整个车架上的关键部件,车架在装载、运输和卸载中承受主要的载荷,摆动架的可靠性直接关系车架的优劣,从而影响整车的使用寿命。
车架部分是铰接式自卸卡车最主要的承载部分,几乎所有的载荷都会直接作用到车架上。由于分析技术及其它原因,现多采用高安全系数来保证车架在工作中不受损坏。这样一来一个显而易见问题就是使得卡车整体重量的很大,摆动架在外观和布置上都显得不合理。铰接卡车采用全轮驱动,改善了前后车体在连接部分的受力,从而中心铰接能够采用滚子轴承,实现了前后车体间的相对摆动。车架部分和中心铰接处也是最容易损坏的地方。
本论文以安期生技术有限公司生产的AJK-20 型铰接式自卸卡车为研究对象,在详细研究了卡车的结构特点、工作原理,参阅了卡车的装配生产资料的基础上,运用经典力学法,分别考虑满载匀速行驶、满载振动冲击、紧急制动三种工况,对整个卡车车架,尤其是中央摆动架,进行应力分析和强度校核。对中央摆动架部分的回转支承、固定螺栓组、连接销三个主要承载部件,运用机械设计和力学原理进行了详尽的强度计算。
针对应力分析的结果,对摆动架的相应部件进行重新选型,优化摆动架的结构和尺寸,从而在满足强度要求的情况下,减轻车身自重,提高运输效率,使得摆动架在外观和布置上显得更加合理。
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关键词:铰接式卡车,车架,中央摆动架,应力分析,优化
The central swinging rack design of underground articulated dump truck which weighs 20 tons
Abstract
Articulated dump truck is off-road vehicle, for plexity of the mine environment,poor road conditions,The central swinging rack is one of ponents of frame,which bear the mostly load in the process of loading,transporting, and reliability of the swinging rack is directly related to the frame be pros and cons , thus affect the service life of the vehicle .
Frame part is the main bearing parts of articulated dump trucks, almost all of the load will direct action to frames. Due to the technical and other reasons, nowadays measures of ensuring the frame without damage during working, brings a big problem that the truck’s body is too big and heavy , the appearance and decorate of the swinging rack seem unreasonable . Articulated dump trucks with all wheel drive improve the load capability of the linking part, by which the center binge part can use roller bearing in order to realize the relative swing between the two parts of the trucks. Besides, the center hinge part is another position that can be damaged easily.
This paper mainly study on the ATK-20 articulated dump truck (ADT) produced by Anchises Technology Co. Ltd. Based on the research of truck in the struct