文档介绍：JournalofInternationalEconomics48(1999)37–moditychainGaryGereffi*DepartmentofSociology,DukeUniversity,Durham,NC27708-0088,,thisarticlespecifies:works;typicaltrajectoriesfromassemblytoOEMandOBMexportroles;anizationalconditionsthatfacilitateindustrialupgradingmovessuchastheshiftfromassemblytofull-,withanemphasisonAsia.:moditychains;Industrialupgrading;OEM;OBM;Apparel;EastAsiaJELclassification:F14;petitivedynamicsofnations,firms,,wheretheexplosivegrowthofimportsindevelopedcountriesindicatesthatthecenterofgravityfortheproductionandexportofmanymanufactureshasmovedtoaneverexpandingarrayofnewlyindustrializingeconomies(NIEs)‘EastAsianmiracle,’whichreferstothehandfulofhigh-performingAsianeconomiesthathaveattainedloftypercapitagrowthrates,einequality,higheducationalattainment,recordlevelsofdomesticsavingandinvestment,andboomingexportsfromthe1960stothemid-1990s(WorldBank,1993).Regardlessofwhetherthegrowthisdueto*Tel.:1-919-660-5611;fax:1-919-660--mailaddress:******@()0022-1996/99/$–seefrontmatter:S0022-1996(98)00075-(1999)37–umulation(Krugman,1994;Young,1994,1995),theireconomicachievementislargelyattributedtotheadoptionofexport-orientedindustrializationastheregion’,whileunassailableinitsmacroeconomicbasics,(SouthKorea,Taiwan,HongKongandSingapore)essfulinexportingtodistantWesternmarkets,giventheformidablespatialandculturaldistancesthathadtobebridged?HowweretheseEastA