文档介绍：本科毕业论文外文翻译
出处: Southern Agricultural Economics Association 2009(1):1-20
作者: Chali Nondo, Mulugeta S. Kahsai, Peter V. Schaeffer
原文
Energy Consumption and Economic Growth: Evidence ESA Countries
Abstract
This study applies panel data techniques to investigate the long-run relationship between energy consumption and GDP for a panel of 19 African countries (COMESA) based on annual data for the period 1980-2005. In the first step, we examine the degree of integration between GDP and energy consumption and find that the variables are integrated of order one. In the second step, we investigate the long-run relationship between energy consumption and GDP; our results provide strong evidence that GDP and energy consumption move together in the long-run. In the third step, we estimate the long-run relationship and test for causality using panel-based error correction models and find a long-run bidirectional relationship between GDP and energy consumption. Further, our analyses reveal that causation runs from energy consumption to GDP for low ESA countries.
1. Introduction
Despite being endowed with an array of natural energy resources, such as coal, water, oil, natural gas, and uranium, Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) has the lowest per capita energy consumption levels in the world (United Nations mission of Africa, 2004). More than 80 percent of the SSA population relies on traditional energy sources, such as biomass, agricultural residues, and other primitive energy sources, which exacerbate environmental degradation and air pollution related health impacts (Legros et al. 2009). The inadequate provision of modern energy services in SSA has been cited by the United Nations mission for Africa (UNECA, 2004) as a limiting factor in economic growth and poverty
alleviation efforts.
Following the independence of most African countries by the early 1970’s, African leaders embraced regional integration as a central element of their development strategies (World Energy Council