文档介绍：Preface
Conventional methods of synthesis of plexes as a rule involve
use of metal salts or carbonyls [1-3]. The final coordination anome-
pounds are obtained as a result of a direct interaction po-
nents (ligand and metal source), as well as by the exchange of ligands [4] or
metals [5], and using template synthesis [4]. Meanwhile, the possibility of
pounds directly pact metals by the action of an
electrical current [6] was demonstrated at the end of the 19th century.
Later it was reported that the synthesis of plexes from metals
may be achieved in the gaseous phase (metals react in the form of atoms,
ions or small particles) [7,8], in solutions in the presence of oxidants or in
donor-acceptor systems [9,10], and under surface friction conditions [11].
The above achievements made it possible to introduce a new route in
synthetic anic chemistry~the so-called "direct synthesis" of coordina-
tion pounds. This "one-step" synthesis of metal
complexes starting from zero-valent (more exactly, elemental) metals is nowa-
days an active research field which has undergone especially rapid progress
over the last 25 years (12-17]. Contributions to this field are of interest not
only to anic, organic anometallic chemists, but also to scientists
and technologists involved in such diverse areas as electrochemistry, cryo-
chemistry, mechanochemistry, sonochemistry, laser applications, matrix iso-
lation, corrosion and catalysis.
The main advantage of "direct" reactions is the possibility of producing,
on the basis of such reactions, a series plexes that are accessible only
with difficulty in conventional conditions. The specificity of the direct synth-
esis conditions, namely, the formation of a metal coordination sphere at the
moment plex formation, allows one to obtain pounds readily
which are unavailable by traditional synthetic routes [16].
pounds obtained could have non-positions and
unusual ligand environments. Thus