文档介绍：该【供应链管理(第112讲) 】是由【hhhhh】上传分享，文档一共【60】页，该文档可以免费在线阅读，需要了解更多关于【供应链管理(第112讲) 】的内容，可以使用淘豆网的站内搜索功能，选择自己适合的文档，以下文字是截取该文章内的部分文字，如需要获得完整电子版，请下载此文档到您的设备，方便您编辑和打印。Chapter7 ManagingEconomiesofScaleintheSupplyChain:CycleInventorySupplyChainManagement10-*第一页,共六十页。OutlineRoleofCycleInventoryinaSupplyChainEconomiesofScaletoExploitFixedCostsEconomiesofScaletoExploitQuantityDiscountsShort-TermDiscounting:TradePromotionsEstimatingCycleInventory-RelatedCostsinPractice*第二页,共六十页。第7章获取(huòqǔ)供应链规模经济的手段:循环库存一、循环库存在供应链中的作用二、利用固定成本获取规模经济三、利用数量(shùliàng)折扣获取规模经济四、短期折扣:商业促销五、在实践中估测与循环库存相关的费用*第三页,共六十页。循环库存(kùcún)产生原因——规模经济大批量生产与采购订购(dìnggòu)与运输数量折扣与促销*第四页,共六十页。RoleofInventoryintheSupplyChainCostAvailabilityEfficiencyResponsiveness*第五页,共六十页。RoleofCycleInventory inaSupplyChainLot,orbatchsize:quantitythatasupplychainstageeitherproducesorordersatagiventimeCycleinventory:averageinventorythatbuildsupinthesupplychainbecauseasupplychainstageeitherproducesorpurchasesinlotsthatarelargerthanthosedemandedbythecustomerQ=lotorbatchsizeofanorderD=demandperunittimeInventoryprofile:plotoftheinventorylevelovertime ()Cycleinventory=Q/2(dependsdirectlyonlotsize)Averageflowtime=Avginventory/AvgflowrateAverageflowtimefromcycleinventory=Q/(2D)*第六页,共六十页。RoleofCycleInventory inaSupplyChainQ=1000unitsD=100units/dayCycleinventory=Q/2=1000/2=500=AvginventorylevelfromcycleinventoryAvgflowtime=Q/2D=1000/(2)(100)=5daysCycleinventoryadds5daystothetimeaunitspendsinthesupplychainLowercycleinventoryisbetterbecause:AverageflowtimeislowerWorkingcapitalrequirementsarelowerLowerinventoryholdingcosts*第七页,共六十页。RoleofCycleInventory inaSupplyChainCycleinventoryisheldprimarilytotakeadvantageofeconomiesofscaleinthesupplychainSupplychaincostsinfluencedbylotsize:Materialcost=CFixedorderingcost=SHoldingcost=H=hC(h=costofholding$1ininventoryforoneyear)Primaryroleofcycleinventoryistoallowdifferentstagestopurchaseproductinlotsizesthatminimizethesumofmaterial,ordering,andholdingcostsIdeally,cycleinventorydecisionsshouldconsidercostsacrosstheentiresupplychain,butinpractice,eachstagegenerallymakesitsownsupplychaindecisions–increasestotalcycleinventoryandtotalcostsinthesupplychain*第八页,共六十页。循环(xúnhuán)库存在供应链中的作用循环库存指供应链中建立的平均库存量Q:订购批量R:单位时间需求量(假设需求量不变)循环库存=批量库存/2=Q/2循环库存平均周转时间=循环库存/需求量=Q/2R为减少市场波动,公司(ɡōnɡsī)理想循环库存一般较小TQ*第九页,共六十页。EconomiesofScale toExploitFixedCostsHowdoyoudecidewhethertogoshoppingataconveniencestoreoratSam’sClub?Lotsizingforasingleproduct(EOQ)*第十页,共六十页。