文档介绍：CITY OF MIAMI & NFPA
迈阿密市政府·美国消防协会
UNITED STATES HIGH RISE FIRE FIGHTING
美国高层建筑火灾扑救
INTRODUCTION 内容简介
High-rise fire are not routine fires. Nation wide Fire Departments have implemented new high-rise SOG due to the growth of high-rise buildings. The purpose of this presentation is to specify operational guidelines for the response and tactical operations involving high rise/multi storied buildings, and standpipe equipped facilities fires.
高层建筑火灾不同于普通火灾。随着高层建筑火灾的日益增多,全美消防部门开始执行新的高层火灾扑救行动规范。本次讲座主要对高/多层建筑以及设置有室内消火栓系统建筑的火灾响应和战术行动相关问题作一个详细的介绍。
HIGH-RISE BUILDING FACTS 美国高层建筑概况
Both nationally as with the City of Miami many jurisdictions have multistory and high-rise buildings they may respond to. There are over 368 high-rise buildings greater than 115 feet within Miami city limits. These figures do not include all buildings greater than 75 feet which are considered high-rise building, multi storied buildings, or any specialty sports, and theater venue buildings.
全美包括迈亚密在内的很多地区,都有多层和高层建筑,都可能会涉及到消防救援。仅迈亚密市内就有超过368栋115英尺(约35米)以上的高层建筑,这还未包括其他所有75英尺(约23米)以上(115英尺以下)的高层、多层建筑以及体育馆、影剧院等建筑。
HIGH-RISE BUILDING FACTS 美国高层建筑概况
Each year, an estimated 15,000 high-rise structure fires cause 50 civilian deaths, 530 civilian injuries & $219 million in property loss.
据统计,美国每年约发生15000起高层建筑火灾,造成50人死亡,530人受伤,()。
Most high-rise fires begin on floors no higher than the 6th story, 62% occur in apartment buildings; the kitchen or cooking area is the leading area of origin.
大部分高层建筑火灾发生在6楼及以下,62%发生在住宅建筑;绝大多数是从厨房和烹饪区开始着起。
HIGH-RISE BUILDING FACTS 美国高层建筑概况
Factors that make high rise fires so formidable and demanding: 对比其他火灾,高层建筑火灾令人感到畏惧和难以应付的地方在于:
mon air movement & mechanical air movement systems. 不同的空气流动模式和机械通风系统
“Reflex time” is much higher from the time the alarm is transmitted until the time an effective stream is placed on the fire. 从发出警报到压制火灾的第一道有效射流射到火焰上的响应时间要长得多。
Building systems don’t always cooperate.
建筑内的固定消防设施时不时出点问题。
mitment of resources