文档介绍：该【美国文学史概述及选读复习资料 】是由【生栋】上传分享，文档一共【13】页，该文档可以免费在线阅读，需要了解更多关于【美国文学史概述及选读复习资料 】的内容，可以使用淘豆网的站内搜索功能，选择自己适合的文档，以下文字是截取该文章内的部分文字，如需要获得完整电子版，请下载此文档到您的设备，方便您编辑和打印。:..美国文学史AmericanLiteratureinthecolonicalandRevolutionary:()·费瑞诺BenjaminFranklin()1)穷人查理德的年鉴(以笔名RichardSunders)2)“annualcollectionofproverbs“流行谚语集(Itsoonbecamethemostpopularbookofitskind,largelybecauseofFranklin'sshrewdhumor,andfirstspreadhisreputation)3)TheWaytoWealth(FatherAbraham’sSermon)致富之道(asthe“perfacetoPoorRichardImproved)4)TheAutobiography自传(18世纪美国唯一流传至今的自传)5)FoundedtheJunto,aclubforinformaldiscussionofscientific,,讨论的主题是政治、)establishedAmerica'sfirstcirculatinglibrary,foundedthecollege--,还创办了一所大学——)8)Writer,printer,publisher,scientist,philanthropist,anddiplomat,·费瑞诺TheRisingGloryofAmerica蒸蒸日上的美洲;TheBritishPrisonShip英国囚船;TotheMemoryoftheBraveAmericans纪念美国勇士-----同类诗中最佳;:..TheWildHoneysuckle野生的金银花;TheIndianBuryingGround印第安人殡葬地(1)poetandpoliticaljournalist诗人和政治方面的新闻记者(2)perhapsthemostoutstandingwriterofthepost-(4)Imaginativeandmelancholytreatmentofnatureandhumanlife,andsharpsatireagainsttheBritishtyranny19thCenturyAmericanLiteratureWashingtonIrving()()()()()()()TheRiseofAmericanRomanticism?OneofthemostimportantperiodsinthehistoryofAmericanliterature,stretchesfromtheendofthe18thcenturytotheoutbreakoftheCivilWar(1861-65).?ItstartedwiththepublicationofWashingtonIrving'seThehSketchBook(1820)andendedwithWhitman'ssLeavesfofGrass(1855)..Romanticism的特点:frequentlysharedcertaingeneralcharacteristics,moralenthusiam,faithinthevalueofindividualismandintuitiveperception,,都注重道德,强调个人主义价值观和直觉感受,并且认为自然是美的源头,人类社会是腐败之源。Transcendentalism:TranscendentalistsplaceemphasisontheimportanceoftheOver-soul,..:..WashingtonIrving()AHistoryofNewYork(《纽约外史》)AHistoryofNewYork纽约的历史-----美国人写的第一部诙谐文学杰作;TheSketchBook见闻札记TheLegendofSleepyHollow睡谷的传说-----使之成为美国第一个获得国际声誉的作家;TheSketchBookofGeoffreyCrayon(《见闻札记》收录了ThelegendoftheSleepyHollow《睡谷的传说》和RipVanWinkle《》等名篇,开创了美国短篇小说的传统)TheTalesofaTraveller,(《旅人述异》)TheAlhambra阿尔罕伯拉AHIstoryoftheLifeandVoyagesofChristopherColumbus(《哥伦布的生平和航行》)1)thefirstgreatbelletrist第一个纯文学作家,2)TheSketchBookofGeoffreyCrayon(《见闻札记》。3)IrvingrestoredthewaningGothicromanceswhichPoesooninfusedwithpsychologicalsubtleties。重振了没落的哥特式浪漫主义小说,随后坡在此基础上,把心理学的一些知识融入了这种体裁。4)(),(regardas―):―TheDeerslayer《杀鹿者》、―TheLastoftheMohicans《最后的莫希干人》、―ThePathfinder《探路人》、―ThePioneers《拓荒者》、―ThePrairie《大草原》,(aboutAmericanRevolution)(戒备):launchedtwokindsofimmenselypopularstories→theseaadventuretaleandthefrontiersaga开创了两种流传极广的小说体裁,边疆传奇小说和海上传奇小说。5.《拓荒者》在《草原》上《探路》,遇到《最后一个莫西干人》在《杀鹿》。:..NathanielHawthorne()(范肖)-ToldTales(《重讲一遍的故事》)(《福谷传奇》)(《古宅青苔》)(包括YoungGoodmanBrown《小伙子布朗》,(红字)(《带有七个尖角阁的房子》)(《玉石人像》):(1)uniquegiftwasforthecreationofstronglysymbolicstorieswhichtouchthedeepestrootsofman’。⑵,通过活生生、极具有象征意义的想象来体现人类社会的一些重大道德问题。⑶,他书中的正义标准成为当时人们的道德参考。,poet,、诗人、文学评论家。2.―TheFalloftheHouseofUsher《鄂谢府崩溃记》、―TheRaven《乌鸦》thetitlepoemofacollection,―TalesoftheGrotesqueandArabesque《述异集》。。<《塔默兰诗集》>:..Naturalist,transcendentalist,Writerandphilosopher,①Emerson’’stheories爱默生最忠实的信徒,把爱默生的许多理论付诸于实践。②―Walden《瓦尔登湖》成名作。―CivilDisobedience《平民反抗》(论公民的不服从权利)essay随笔。非暴力不合作③教义:Iwouldnothaveanyoneadoptmymodeofliving,eachshouldfindouthisownway,nothisneighbor’,每一个都应该发现自己的生活方式,不是邻居的,也不是他父母的。HermanMelville()1.--Novelist,shortstorywriter,.―MobyDick‖《白鲸》,。①。②主人公:Ishmael,取自圣经。③在书中说:,必须有一个宏大的主题。④故事人物:;Queequeg,捕鲸人奎因奎格,wasafriendlyperson;《奥姆》,Mardi《玛迪》,White-Jacket《白外套》,BillyBudd《水手比利·巴德》,Pierre《皮埃尔》,IsraelPotter《伊斯雷尔·波特》,thePiazzaTales《广场的故事》,TheConfidence-Man《骗子》,Battle-PiecesandAspectsoftheWar,Clarel:APoemandPilgrimageintheHolyLand,JohnMarrandOtherSailors(《约韩·玛尔和其他水手》),Timoleon(《梯摩里昂》).★freeverse(自由诗体),无有规律的韵脚.:..2.―LeavesofGrass‖’s特点:mostofthepoemsin―LeavesofGrass‖:Inhispoetry,:heenvisionedthepoetasahero,asaviorandaprophet,,引导社会发展。,著作兼并了二者的文风。惠特曼是美国文坛中最伟大的诗人之一,有自由诗之父美誉。Late19thandEarly20thCenturyAmericanLiterature(Realism)现实主义(realism)-->NewYorkreplacedBostonasthenation'。达尔文主义:anevidentinfluenceonnaturalism,stresstheanimalityofman,,强调人的动物性,意味着人的命运受进化的不可抗力来决定的。Thenaturalistsemphasizedthattheworldwasamoral,thatmenandwomenhadnofreewill,thattheirliveswerecontrolledbyheredityandtheenvironment,thereligious―truthswereillusory,,人们没有意志的自由,宗教上的真理是虚幻的,现实生活是痛苦的。Deterministic决定论,宿命的,()():..MarkTwain()―AdventuresofHuckleberryFinn‖(马克最有名的作品):①―,美国现实主义文学的代表作②theGildedAge70-90年代,镀金时代,贫富分化,财富积累。③TheAdventuresofTomSawyer汤姆索亚历险记,TheCelebratedJumpingFrogofCalaverasCounty(《卡拉维拉斯郡著名的跳蛙》)---frontiertaleTheInnocentsAbroad(傻子出)RoughingIt(淘金岁月)Travelnarratives:ATrampAbroad(流浪汉在国外)LifeontheMississippi(《密西西比河上的生涯》)FollowingtheEquator(赤道沿线)ThePrinceandthePauper(乞丐公主)HenryJames();::RoderickHudson(《罗德里克·赫德森)TheAmerican(《美国人》)DaisyMiller(《黛西·米勒》ThePortraitofaLady《一位女士的画像》TheSpoilsofPoynton《被凌辱的伯顿》TheWingsoftheDove《鸽翼》:..TheAmbassadors《使节》TheGoldenBowl《金碗》,“pointofview”.,:1.―SisterCarrie《嘉莉妹妹》(thefirstnovel,.):―TheFinancier(金融家)―TheTitan(巨人)、―TheStoic(《斯多葛》)《美国悲剧》,(TheidentificationofpotencywithmoneyisattheheartofDreiser’essfulnovel,德莱塞最恢宏、最成功的小说,表达了金钱万能的主题。)(《自然和超自然的戏剧》),AHoosierHoliday(《印第安纳节日》)TwelveMen(《十二个男人》),ABookAboutMyself(《关于我自己》),TheColorofaGreatCity(《大都会的色彩》),AGalleryofWomen(《妇女群像》)Dawn(《黎明》),TragicAmerica(《悲剧的美国》),AmericaIsWorthSaving(《美国值得拯救》):,journalist,-mercialmagazinefiction,:―ThePeopleoftheAbyss(《深渊里的人们》)―TheCalloftheWild(野性的呼唤):..―TheSeaWolf(海狼)―MartinEden(《马丁·伊登》)(autobiographicalnovel自传体小说)―TheSonofWolf(狼子)―WhiteFang(白牙):,especiallyinliterarycriticism,whichbeganinthelate19thcenturyandthetheoryofpsycho-:’s―TheWasteLand‖,themostsignificantAmericanpoemofthetwentiethcentury,:,―TheGreatGatsby《了不起的盖茨比》novelErnestHemingway:―TheSunAlsoRises《太阳照样升起》―AFarwelltoArms《告别了,武器》WilliamFaulkner―TheSoundandtheFury《喧嚣与骚动》4.、Playwrights戏剧、剧作家:EugeneO’Neill:―TheEmperorJones《琼斯国王》、―AnnaChristie《》、―TheHairyApe《毛猿》5,代表人物::...:(Hesawnatureasastorehouseofanalogyandsymbol.),.―TheRoadNotTaken(未选择的路)―StoppingbyWoodsonaSnowyEvening(雪夜林间驻足)向往大自然,想逃避社会;死亡、:ABoy'sWill《少年的意志》,NorthofBoston《波士顿之北》,MountainInterval《山洼》,west-runningBrook(《西去的溪流》),AFurtherrange《又一片牧场》,AMasqueofReason(《理智的假面具》),IntheClearing(《林间空地》),:。。:”directtreatment”,”economyofexpression”,and”rhythm”.:InaStationoftheMetro<地铁站的一撇>(bestexemplifieshisImagistideal):..CollectionPoemsofEzraPoundTheCantos()Theseafarer(航海者)Cathay(中国):,:―ThisSideofParadise《人间天堂》,thefirstnovel.―TheGreatGatsby《了不起的盖茨比》novel―TenderIstheNight《夜色温柔》novel―FlappersandPhilosophers―TalesoftheJazzAge(爵士时代的故事)―AlltheSadYoungMen(所有悲伤的年轻人的故事)―TapsatReveille―TheBeautifulandDamned(美丽与毁灭)(漂亮冤家)―TheLastTycoon(unfinished)(最后一个大亨):theuniversalthemeof―theproblemsofthehumanheartinconflictwithitself人类心灵与自己冲突是宇宙永恒的主题。:―TheSoundandtheFury《喧嚣与骚动》成名作、―Absalom,Absalom!(《押沙龙,押沙龙!》)―GoDown,Moses(《去吧,摩西》)―GoDown,Moses―IntruderintheDust(《坟墓的闯入者》)―TheMarbleFaun(firstbook)―Knight’sGambit―Soldier’sPay(《士兵的报酬》)―RequiemforaNun(《修女安魂曲》)―Sartoris(《沙多里斯》)―AFable(寓言)―AsILayDying(《我弥留之际》)―TheTown(镇):..―Sanctuary圣殿》―TheMansion(大宅)―TheUnvanquished(《不败者》)―TheReivers(掠夺者)―TheHamlet(村子)―::streamofconsciousness意识流multiplepointofview,narrator多角度,,shortstorywriter,:―TheSunAlsoRises(太阳照常升起)(Hemingwaybecamethespokesmanforalostgeneration)―AFarewelltoArms(永别了武器)―ForWhomtheBellTolls(丧钟为谁而鸣)―TheOldManandtheSea(老人与海)::―OfMiceandMen《人鼠之间》portrayedthetragicfriendshipbetweentwomigrantworkers―TheGrapesofWrath《愤怒的葡萄》regardedasmasterpiece视为杰作。―CupofGold(金杯)―ThePasturesofHeaven(天堂牧场):..―ToaGodUnknown―TortillaFlat(《煎饼坪》)―InDubiousBattle(胜负未定)―ottenVillage(被遗忘的村庄)―TheMoonIsDown(月亮下去了)―SeaofCortez―CanneryRow(《罐头厂街》)―ThePearl(珍珠)―TheWinterofOurDiscontent(烦恼的冬天)―AmericaandAmericans―TravelswithCharley