文档介绍：大学英语四级汉译英技巧
指导教师李鑫
Content
词的选择 8. 被动与主动
词义引申 9. 习惯用语的译法
词语的增减 10 重复词语和结构的译法
词的省略(例句) 11 主语的选择
物称与人称 12 语篇的翻译
正说与反说
(含否定语气的句子)(练习)
7. 外位语的英译
对应法
拆句法
还原法
倒置法
转化法
词的选择—“好”字的翻译
他们对我真好。
好了,这下可麻烦了。
这个问题好回答。
论事业,他是个好丈夫;论脾气,她是个好妻子。
她身材苗条,形容娇好。
楚王好细腰。
They are really kind to me.
Well, we are in for trouble now.
This question is easy to answer.
He is a essful husband in his business and she is a tender wife in her nature.
She is slim and beautiful.
The king of Chu liked the slender waist person.
我们试了一下,果然很灵。
这匹老马很有灵性,能领会主人的意图。
灵前摆着花圈。
他虽然上了年纪,手脚倒还灵。
We tried it out and it really worked.
Wreaths were laid in front of the coffin.
Though getting on in years, he is still nimble.
The horse is quite intelligent who can sense what the rider wants.
“灵”字的翻译
词的选择—“哭”的翻译
听到这噩耗,她失声痛哭。
别整日哭哭啼啼,那样会伤了你的身体。
夜久语声绝,如闻泣幽咽。
执手相看泪眼,竟无语凝噎。
收到儿子的信,这位老汉高兴得流下泪来。
哭字的翻译
听到这噩耗,她失声痛哭。
She burst into tears on hearing the news.
别整日哭哭啼啼,那样会伤了你的身体。
Please don’t weep and wail all day long. It will hurt you.
夜久语声绝,如闻泣幽咽。
Her voice fades away as the night deepens; It seems to linger in the air---her weepings.
执手相看泪眼,竟无语凝噎。
Holding hands, we gaze at each other’s tearful eyes, and burst into sobs with words congealed on our lips.
收到儿子的信,这位老汉高兴得流下泪来。
The old man cried for joy when he received the letter from his son.
词的选择—笑字的翻译
人人都笑我。Everybody laughs at me.
对于他的威胁,她一笑置之。
She smiles at his threats.
她暗笑他的不懂事。
She sniggers at his childishness.
这位老人总是和蔼可亲,笑容可掬。
The old man is amiable and always beaming to others.
那小女孩格格地笑着,走开了。
The little girl went away, giggling.
词的选择—“快字”的翻译
我的表不准,每天快十多分钟。
My watch doesn’t keep good time. It gains more than ten minutes a day.
时间过得真快!How time does fly!
情人节快到了。
Valentine’s Day is near. Or:
Valentine’s Day is at hand. Or:
Valentine’s Dayis drawing near.
这把刀很快。
The knife is really sharp. (*The knife is swift.)
第二周词义引申
引申是语言的普遍现象,词义引申指不拘泥于词的字面意义或词典提供的语义、释义,而根据上下文作必要的调整和变动。不同的文体,引申的范围、内容、方式不尽相同。文艺作品中的引申,往往涉及作品的历史背景、社会习惯、风土人情、语气感情等;在技术类文体中,引申的出发点是现象、