文档介绍：大学
《膜分离技术》课程论文
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膜分离强化过程的研究
二〇一四年十一月二日
膜分离强化过程的研究
The research of strengthening the process of membrane separation
李妍枫
摘要:膜过程在人类的生活和生产实践中广泛应用。近些年来,膜过程不断地得到开发和研究,如渗透汽化、膜蒸馏、支撑液膜、膜萃取、膜生物反应器、控制释放膜、仿生膜及生物膜等过程。膜分离作为一种新型的化工分离技术,有多方面的优点。由于浓差极化和膜污染等问题的存在,造成的渗透量衰减,阻碍了膜技术在工业领域内的大规模应用。所以,必须采取各种有效的强化措施,减轻或避免浓差极化和膜污染,从而提高渗透通量。
关键词:膜分离、浓差极化、膜污染、强化
Abstract: Membrane process is widely used in the human life and production practice. In recent years, membrane process constantly get development and research, such as the pervaporation, membrane distillation, supported liquid membrane, membrane extraction, MBR, controlled release membrane, bionic membrane and biological membrane and so on. As a new type of chemical separation technology, membrane separation has a variety of advantages. Because of the presence of concentration polarization and membrane fouling, the causing the decay of the infiltration capacity hinder the large-scale application of membrane technology in the industrial field. So, we must take various effective reinforcement measures which can reduce or avoid the concentration polarization and membrane fouling, to increase permeate flux.
Key word: membrane separation , concentration polarization , membrane fouling , reinforcement
膜分离是在20世纪初出现,20世纪60年代后迅速崛起的一门分离新技术。膜分离技术由于兼有分离、浓缩、纯化和精制的功能,又有高效、节能、环保、分子级过滤及过滤过程简单、易于控制等特征,因此,目前已广泛应用于食品、医药、生物、环保、化工、冶金、能