文档介绍：The social system welfare in Japan
Pension System Design
In recent years, the Japanese pension system has undergone various reforms in the public and occupational pension pillars.
The current system consists of the flat-rate National Pension System and employment-related pensions for public and private sector employees; these two bined form the public pension pillar.
The current old-age dependency ratio stands at 30 and will worsen to 74 in 2050.
During the same period, Japan's population will decrease from 128 million to 102 million.
The fertility rate of children per woman lies considerably below the rate of that is needed to maintain the population.
At the same time, Japan's life expectancy is among the highest in the world.
Nevertheless, we expect corporate pension assets to grow only 1% per year until 2015
T
A
National Pension System
Employee Pension Insurance
B
Government Pension Investment Fund
Occupational Pensions
Employee Pension Funds
New Corporate Pension Schemes
C
The National Pension System was introduced in 1959 and is mandatory for all residents between 20 and 59 years of age.
The National Pension System
The National Pension System
Monthly pension benefits after 40 years of working life and from age 65 onwards, the official retirement age for the National Pension System
Shorter contribution periods result in lower benefits.
The system receives substantial subsidies of currently one-third of payments from the Japanese government, a share that will be raised to 50% by 2009.
2011
2012
2013
DATA 01
12,6
12,6
12,6
DATA 02
12,6
12,6
12,6
DATA 03
DATA 04
12,6
12,6
12,6
DATA 04
45,7
45,7
45,7
DATA 05
12,6
12,6
12,6
DATA 04
2011
2012
2013
DATA 04
12,6
12,6
12,6
Employee Pension Insurance
The second part of public pension provision is earnings-related.
The contribution rate to Employee Pension Insurance is % of wages, which is equally split between employers and empl