文档介绍：海平面上升研究 Upwelling in the World Ocean
Presentation Points
Mechanisms that create ocean upwelling
Types of upwelling
Identifying upwelling on satellite-derived maps
Ecological and economic effects of upwelling
Mechanisms that create ocean upwelling
Wind
Coriolis Effect
Ekman Transport
Upwelling refers to deep water that is brought to the surface.
Areas of upwelling are created by surface winds that pull water away from an area. This deficit of water on the surface invites water e up from deeper regions.
To understand upwelling, you must be familiar with how the Coriolis Force affects ocean surface currents. The Coriolis Effect acts on moving water, because it is not attached to the rotating Earth. As water flows over the rotating earth, it appears to deflect to the right in the Northern Hemisphere and the left in the Southern.
Due to friction between the layers of water in the ocean and the Coriolis Effect, result of wind blowing across the surface of the water is transportation of a layer of water 90 degrees to the direction of the wind. This is known as Ekman Transport.
Types of Upwelling
Equatorial
Coastal
Seasonal
1. Equatorial Upwelling
Water Flow
Upwelling
Look at the equator in the Pacific Ocean.
2. Coastal Upwelling (follow the black arrows)