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高考英语写作功能词
（希望/期望）
（一）主要英语对应词及其用法结构
【动词】
(短语) (hope, wish, expect, want, desire, care, trust, look forward to)
①hope 希望
hope for sth. 希望得到某事物
to hope for a letter 盼望着能有信来
to hope for the best 希望获得好结果
hope to do sth. 希望做某事
I hope to announce the winner shortly.
(我希望马上宣布获胜者的名字。)
You shouldn't hope to find perfect happiness—it's just a will-o'-the-wisp.
(不要希望能找到十全十美的幸福——那只不过是镜花水月。)
hope+that clause 希望…
I hope(that) fortune may smile upon you.
(我希望幸运之神会向你微笑。)
to hope against hope(that)... /for sth.
对…仍抱一线希望
We are hoping against hope for a change in her condition/that there is a change in her condition.
(我们希望她的病情有一线转机。)
②wish 希望;想要
wish sth. 希望得到某事物
She wishes my help.
(她希望得到我的帮助。)
wish for sth./sb. 想要得到某物/某人
It's no use wishing for things you can't have.
(想要得不到的 东西是 徒劳的。)
wish sb. sth. 希望/祝愿某人得到某物
I wish you great success.
(祝你获得巨大成功。)
wish+object+complement
I wish you well and happy.
(我祝你健康愉快。)
She didn't wish the matter mentioned.
(她不希望提到那件事。)
to wish sb./sth well/ill
希望某人/某事物顺利(走运)/不顺利(遭殃)
to wish sth. away
希望某事物并不存在借以竭避之
wish+noun clause 希望…
I wish you hadn't told me all this.
(我倒希望你当初别把这一切都告诉我。)
wish sb. /sth. to do sth. 希望…做某事
Do you wish me to leave now?
2
(你现在希望我走吗?)
③expect 期望;指望;盼望
to expect sth.(from sb.)期望(从某人处)得到某事物
Don't expect me.
(别指望我来。)
She's expecting a gift from her.
(她一直盼望着收到他的礼物。)
expect + that clause 希望…
We expect things will be all right.
(我们希望事情会很顺利。)
expect to do sth. 希望做某事
She expects to pass the examination.
(她希望通过这次考试。)
expect sb. to do sth. 希望某人做某事
You can't expect me to approve of it.
(你别指望我赞成。)
expect too much from...
对…的期望值过高
翻译用词警示
①翻译“希望某人做某事”这样的意思时，不能译为“hope sb. to do sth.”,而应译为:“wish/expect/prefer sb. to do sth.”。
例如:你希望我做点什么?
What do you hope me to do?(×)
What do you wish/expect/prefer me to do? (✔)
②look forward to 后面不能接动词,只能接名词、代词或动名词(短语)。例如：
盼望早日来信。
I look forward to hear from you soon.(×)
I look forward to hearing from you soon. (✔)
【名词】
(hope, wish, expectation, expectancy, hopeful)
to cherish a/the hope that…希望…
to have a ray of hope of winning/have no hope of winning有一线希望/没有希望获胜
to hold out some/not much/little/no hope of...(that...)对…抱一些希望/不抱太多的希望/不寄什么希望/不抱希望
to live in hope(s) (of sth.)
(对某事物)满怀希望
not have a hope in hell
不抱任何希望
to set/pin all one's hopes on sb.
全指望某人了
to have high hopes of winning
对获胜抱有很大希望/满怀希望
to build up/raise sb.'s hopes
使某人抱有希望
Don't raise his hopes too much!
(不要让他存有奢望！)
(of sth.) to dash/shatter sb.'s hopes
(某事物)使某人的希望破灭
3
(of sth.) to be past/beyond hope
(指某事物)毫无希望
to express a wish to be alone
希望不被打扰
to have no wish to do sth.
不希望做某事
If wishes were horses, beggars might ride.
(如果希望都能实现，叫化子也能致富了。)
to have little expectation of winning a prize
对于获奖不抱希望
to have high expectations of...
对…的期望值很高
to scale back expectations(of...)
降低(对…的)期望值
to have great expectations for sb.'s future/sb.
对某人的前途深寄希望/寄予厚望
to fall short of (sb.'s) expectations
/not come up to (sb.'s) expectations
未合某人的希望(期望)/有负众望
to put one's expectations too high 期望过高
to cherish/entertain expectations 抱有希望
His performance didn't come up to expectations.
(他的演出有负众望。)
to answer/meet/come up to expectations
不负众望；合于理想
a look (air)/feeling of expectancy
期望的神情/心情
to give sb. the expectancy of...
使某人抱…的希望
Many a young hopeful went to Holly-wood.
(许多满怀希望的青年都涌至好莱坞。)
【形容词】
(hopeful, wishful, expectant, expectative, hopeless)
to be hopeful of/about sth.;to be hopeful that…对…抱有希望
to be hopeful of/about the future 对未来满怀希望
I feel hopeful of success/that we shall succeed.
(我对成功/我们将获得成功抱有希望。)
The future does not seem very hopeful.
(前途似乎有点不妙。)
with wishful eyes 以渴望的眼光
a wishful thinker 打如意算盘的人
children with expectant faces waiting for the pantomime to start
眼巴巴地等待童话剧开演的儿童们
the expectative result 预期的效果
（二）常用的相关短语或表达
指望
to look to;
to count on;
4
to look forward to
盼望
to hope for;
to yearn for;
to set at;
to look forward to
把未来的希望寄托于…
to attach one's hopes for the future to...
实现某人的希望
to fulfil/realize one's hope
希望/渴望得到…
to wish for…
有希望
(of sth.) to offer/give/show promise
大有希望
(of sth.) to hold much promise;
to promise well/fair
希望某人倒霉
to wish sb. ill/evil
希望某人有好运/成功
to wish sb. Well
/to wish well to sb.
希望某人走开
to wish sb. Away
/to wish sb. further
希望某人滚开
to wish sb. at the devil
但愿能和家人团圆
to wish oneself home
对…充满希望/很乐观
to be sanguine about sth./that…
不愿把某事强加于某人
not wish sth. on sb.
还有一丝希望
there are a few rays of hope
果然不出所料
as might have been expected
/as was expected
期望某人成为…
to expect sb. to be...
大有实现…的希望
to be on the fair road/way to...
期望获得荣誉
to desire honour
对某人期望很大/期望值很高
to expect much from/of sb.
对做某事不抱什么希望
to nearly despair of doing sth.
5
对某人不抱什么希望
to expect little from/of sb.
对…抱有希望
to feel hopeful that…
/to be hopeful of(about)
to have expectations of
to cling to the hope that...
to cherish the hope that…
to nourish hopes of…
只能希望… can not but hope that…
(我们)诚恳地希望…
it is earnestly hoped that...
寄希望于…
to fasten/place/lay/anchor/pin/set one's hopes in/on... ;
to build/rest one's hope on...
给…带来新的希望
to bring new hopes to... ;
to offer new hope to...
有成功的希望
to have a hope of success;
to have the ball at one's feet
对…寄予很大希望
to hope greatly of;
to have great expectations of
看到获得冠军的一线希望
to see the slim hopes of the championship
对做某事不抱什么希望了
to hold out little hope of doing sth.
抱着…的希望
to hold out the hope of;
to entertain the hope of
怀着…的希望
to cherish the hope of;
to nurse the hope that... ;
In (the) hope of/that…;
to feel hopeful of/that…
把全部希望寄托于…
to center one's hopes on
唤起希望
to awaken/arouse hopes of
放弃希望
to abandon/give up hope;
to furl hopes;
to resign hopes
毁掉希望
to kill hope;
to wither hopes;
to snuff out sb.'s hopes
6
(某事物)使某人的希望化为泡影
(of sth.) to cast (put) a blight on sb.'s hopes
使某人的希望破灭
to crush/extinguish/blast/dash/ruin/shatter sb.'s hopes
使某人的希望彻底破灭
to tear sb.'s hopes to shreds
希望落空
to fail to attain one's hopes
辜负某人的希望
to fall short of/not come up to sb.'s expectations
不辜负某人的希望
to live up to/come up to/meet/answer sb.'s expectations
有希望作为…
to show promise as...
有…的希望
to show promise of... ; to stand a chance of...
有理由指望…
there is reason to hope that...
指望某人(认为…靠得住)
to bank on/upon sb.
有希望完成/实现某事
to bid fair to do sth.
徒然希望或指望某事物
to whistle for sth.(口)
抱幻想/梦想
to build castles in the air/in Spain
抱成功的希望
to foster hopes for success
碰碰运气看/试试看
to chance it
to stand one's chance
to take one's chance
没有任何希望
to have no chance whatever;
to have as much chance as a snowflake in hell;
not have(even)a cat's/a dog's chance;
not have the ghost of a chance/a ghost of a show(美);
to be beyond/past hope
有…的希望
to stand a chance of...;
to run the chance of...;
to give promise of...
期望…
on the chance of/that…;
in expectation that...;
with the expectation that...
抱着一线希望做某事
to do sth. on the off chance;
7
to be on the (off) chance of doing sth.
不指望…
to kiss sth. goodbye
/to kiss goodbye to sth.(俚)
有升迁的希望
to be on the climb
再次燃起希望之火
to rekindle hope
在不如意时不失望
to make the best of the matter/things
在预料之中
to be in prospect
不负所望；履行诺言；说到做到
to deliver on
to deliver goods
to fulfil the expectation
希望化为泡影
one's hopes turn to dust and ashes
one's hope flies/goes out of the window
使希望破灭
to quench one's hope
对某人/某事物绝望
to despair of sb./sth.
在某人心目中已没任何希望
to be the despair of sb.
使某人失望
to disappoint sb.'s hope;
To dash/shatter sb.'s hopes
对某人/某事失望
to be disappointed in sb. /sth.;
to be disillusioned with sb./sth.
对取得成功所抱有的并非捕风捉影的希望
reasonable expectations of success
希望落空 the breakup of one's hope(s)
想当作家/演员等而未能如愿
to be a writer/an actor etc. manque
某人没希望了/完蛋了
to be all day with sb.
使某人抱不切实际的希望
to give sb. ideas
使希望破灭的事
a cooling card
毫无希望/不可救药
to be past praying for
只会悲观失望
to abandon oneself
/to give oneself up to despair
使人陷入失望
9
to drive sb. to despair
从来不让同事感到失望
never let the side down
没指望了/完蛋了
to be up the spout(口)
使某人对某事失望
to sour sb. on sth.
绝望/断念
to yield to/ give way to despair
陷入绝望
to fall into despair
to be overcome by despair
对…越来越强烈的失望
one's growing disillusionment with...
给某人的生活带来希望或快乐的人或物
a ray of sunshine
（三）情景译例精选
我们希望争端能早日解决。
We are hoping for the dispute to be settled soon.
我们真诚地希望不久能为贵方服务。
It is our sincere wish that we will have the privilege of serving you soon.
大家都指望从他那里获得关于会议的内幕消息。
Everybody relies on him for inside dope on the conference.
她活着的希望不大。
There is not much hope that she's alive/not much hope of her being alive.
我期望得到各位代表的真诚合作与支持。
I appeal to everyone present for your cordial cooperation and support.
他们期望从每天的报纸中得到的是娱乐，而不是信息。
What they expect from their daily newspaper is entertainment, not information.
不要期望过高。
Do not raise your hopes too high.
/Do not pitch your hopes high.
有些老师对自己的学生期望过高。
Some teachers expect too much of their pupils.
别指望她来。
Don't count on her to come.
报纸不再指望这些订户为主要收入来源。
The newspaper no longer looked to these subscribers as the main source of revenue.
许多厂商不得不指望用物质刺激来提高生产率。
Many manufacturers have to look to material incentives to increase productivity.
我希望听取诸位的意见和建议。
I'd like to have your comments and suggestions.
本人离职主要是因为希望与家人在一起。
I left the position with the desire of living together with my family.
希望能消除一种可能的误解。
It is desirable to remove one possible cause of misapprehension.
本人想使所学专业知识有用武之地，故而希望离职。
I am desirous of leaving the employment in order to make my specialist knowledge available.
9
超导现象的发现，使人们有希望最终把这一现象应用于许多实际用途。
The discovery of superconductivity gave birth to hopes that this phenomenon might eventually be put to many practical uses.
我们万分高兴地期待他们的到来。
We anticipate their arrival with much pleasure.
别让她空抱希望吧——你知道跻身影界有多么难啊。
Don't give her ideas——you know how difficult it is to get into films.
这是一个大有希望的科研项目。
This is a research item that promises well/is of great (high) promise.
西部大开发将很有希望。
The development of west China will give/afford/show great(high) promise.
我们满怀希望地努力工作，心里想着也许会先完工。
We worked hopefully, energetically thinking that we might finish first.
他直到死时，仍然在期待着。
He remains ananticipant to the end.
老一辈总是喜欢有希望的年轻人。
The elders always like young hopefuls.
陈文凯志向不凡，是一个相当有希望的学生。
Chen Wenkai, who is on to something big, is quite a hopeful/promising student.
他晋升的希望突然破灭了。
Bang went his hopes of promotion.
我希望他读书有更大的进步。
I bargained for better progress in his studies.
兴建新医院的计划有希望实现。
The plan for a new hospital bids fair to succeed.
汽车损坏严重，已经到了无望修复的地步。
The car was damaged beyond hope of repair.
那次严重的事故使他的希望全部落空。
That serious accident bilked his hopes.
她大有希望/没有希望/没有什么希望/只有一线希望获胜。
She has a good chance/no chance/not much chance/only a slim chance of winning(only a faint chance of winning).
我们对未来怀着无限的希望。
We are hopeful about the future.
他抱定最后的希望，决不灰心。
He clung to the last hope.
希望这些主动的行动能促进交流。
We are desirous that these initiatives should lead to further exchanges.
他们希望得到更多的教育和更好的工作条件。
They desire more education and better working conditions.
他们不抱比赛得胜的希望。
They despaired of winning the game.
这是我所衷心希望的。
It is devoutly to be wished.
他草率的表演使他的崇拜者大为失望。
He disillusioned his fans by his sloppy play.
尽管有这些不足之处，太阳能的前途还是大有希望的。
10
Despite these drawbacks, there are great hopes for the future of solar power.
他父母对他不抱什么希望了。
His parents have given him up as a bad job.
他年轻时曾有过崇高的理想，但渐渐地他的全部希望都破灭了。
He had high ideals in his youth but gradually the whole edifice crumbled.
我们每个人都有自己的希望。
Each of us came with his own expectancies.
我本想八月份去广州做生意，但天意难遂我愿。
I wanted to go to Guangzhou to do business in October, but fate decided otherwise.
展望未来，中国西部大开发大有希望。
Foresight tells us that China has a bright future in developing its western regions.
乘划艇去救他们，希望不大。
Going to their rescue in a rowing-boat is a bit of a forlorn hope.
我希望你能成功！
I wish to God/Heaven/goodness you'd succeed!
我们祝他一路顺风。
We bade/wished him good speed.
他儿子是他的希望之所系。
His son is the anchorage of