文档介绍：初中英语阅读理解的解题技巧
阅读理解也是中考英语题的必考题目之一,本题型旨在考查学生阅读,理解的能力,几年来,中考英语题中的阅读理解材料新,题材丰富,考查学生综合推断能力,学生往往要么没能正确理解语篇中某些句子的意思,在细节题上丢分,要么就是对语篇的整体把握不够,在综合题或者推断题方面丢分。以下三个方面谈论这个问题:
一、解题思路
(一)先读问题,弄清考查要点,以便能带着问题看文章,心中有数,有的放矢。
(二)快速浏览全文,掌握全貌,注意发现与问题有关的信息,如果时间紧,至少要扫视一下起首段和尾段。再把标题和文章内容结合起来想一想,这样全文大意便清楚了。
(三)细读原文,捕捉相关信息词,掌握短文细节内容。应特别注意以下几点:
1. 抓住4W1H,就是边读边用铅笔做些标记,把What (事件),When(时间),Where(地点),Why(原因),How(经过)划出来。抓住了四个“W”和一个“H”,就抓住了文章的全貌,一些直接性的问题便可解决。
、代词、介词、插入语等。因为这些词具有因果,让步,递进,转折,指代,列举及承上启下等各种连接上下文的特殊功能。这对考生分清文章层次,辨明各种关系,了解人物心理,推断作者意图,进行逻辑推理等手段来分析难点,都具有举足轻重的作用。
3. 注意领会文章的寓意。
,初选答案。这一步须仔细审题,领会测试要求,确定解题方法。对那些明显的,有把握的题可以断然确定,不必把其余三个答案再作推敲而浪费时间:有些略难的题,应再查阅短文(不是重读一遍),迅速找出依据,予以排除。常用的解题方法有如下几种:
①直接解题法。即从原文中直接找出答案。
②归纳解题法。对于不能从原文中直接找出答案的可在把握全文中心和线索的前题下进行概括、归纳得出正确答案。
③综合推理法。读者需统观全文,认真分析,综合推理及至计算,最后归纳出正确答案。
④捕捉关键词。在阅读时应该注意与问题相关的同义词,近义词,反义词或同位词等信息词来得出正确答案。
⑤转换解题法。即原文这么说,而在问题和所给选项中则用另外的词去转换一种说法,但仍表示同一含义。
⑥排除法。根据语言,句法结构,信息词和常识,在没有把握的选项中用排除法得出正确答案。
四、重读原文,仔细斟酌核对答案。再将原文读一遍;用全文的主题思想统率各思考题,目的在于对所做答案进一步审查,推出未解答的题,以便减少失误。
二、题型分类
英语阅读理解往往有以下三大题型,抓住它的解法和思路,就可以顺利做好这些题目:
(一)选择符合文章的选项
(二)判断正误
(三)根据文章内容回答问题,现今该题型归纳在任务型阅读中,此处不做详解。
典型例题分析
阅读理解
训练(一)
(A)
Dick lived in England. One day in January he said to his wife, "I'm going to fly to New York next week because I've got some work there." "Where are you going to stay there?" his wife asked. "I don't know yet." Dick answered. "Please send me your address from there in a telegram," his wife said. "All right," Dick answered.
He flew to New York on January 31st and found a nice hotel in the center of the city. He put his things in his room and then he sent his wife a telegram. He put the address of his hotel in it.
In the evening he didn't have any work, so he went to a cinema. He came out at nine o'clock and said, "Now I should return to my hotel and have a nice dinner."
He found a taxi and the driver said, "Where do you want to go?" But Dick didn't remember the name and address of his hotel.
"Which hotel a