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英雄者，胸怀大志，腹有良策，有包藏宇宙之机，吞吐天地之志者也。——《三国演义》
Passage 1 BCADB
The United States is on the verge of losing its leading place in the world's technology. So
says more than one study in recent years. One of the reasons for this decline is the parallel decline
in the number of . scientists and engineers.
Since 1976, employment of scientists and engineers is up 85 percent. This trend is expected
to continue. However, the trend shows that the number of 22-year-olds ——the near term source of
future PHDs is declining. Further adding to the problem is the increased competition for these
candidates from other fields-law, medicine, business, etc. While the number of . PHDs in
science and engineering declines, the award of PHDs to foreign nationals is increasing rapidly.
Our inability to motivate students to pursue science and engineering careers at the graduate
level is compounded because of the intense demand industry has for bright Bachelor's and
Master's degree holders. Too often, promising PHD candidates, confronting the cost and financial
sacrifice of pursuing their education, find the attraction of industry irresistible.
1. The . will come to lose its leading place in technology probably because ________.
A. the number of PHD degree holders is declining
B. the number of scientists and engineers is decreasing
C. the number of 22-year-ilds is declining
D. scientists and engineers are not employed
2. The field of science and engineering is facing a competition from ________ .
A. technology
B. foreign nationals
C. such fields as law, medicine and business
D. postgraduates
3. Large-scale enterprises now need _______.
A. bright graduates and postgraduates
B. new inventions
C. advanced technology
D. engineers
4. Many promising postgraduates are unwilling to pursue a PHD degree because _________.
A. they are not encouraged to be engaged in science
B. industry does not require PHD holders
C. they have financial difficulties
D. they will spend much time and energy completing .
A. they find industry is attracting more and more college students
B. they don't think they can prevent themselves from working for industry
C. they cannot resist any attraction from all sides
D. they cannot work for industry any longer
Passage 2 CCBCB
The office has always been a place to get ahead. Unfortunately, it is also a place
where a lot of natural resources start to fall behind. Take a look around next time
you're at work. See how many lights are left on when people leave. See how much : .
饭疏食，饮水，曲肱而枕之，乐亦在其中矣。不义而富且贵，于我如浮云。——《论语》
paper is being wasted. How much electricity is being used to run computers that are
left on. Look at how much water is being wasted in the rest-rooms. And how much
solid waste is being thrown out in the rubbish cans. We bet it's a lot.
Now, here are some simple ways you can produce less waste at work. When you
are at the copier, only make the copies you need. Use both sides of the paper when
writing something less important. Turn off your lights when you leave. Use a lower
watt bulb in your lamp. Drink your coffee or tea out of your mugs instead of
single-use cups. Set up a recycling box for cans and one for bottles. And when you're
in the bathroom brushing your teeth or washing your face, don't let the tap run.
Remember, if we use fewer resources today, we'll save more for tomorrow.
1．The main purpose of the passage is to tell people ______ ．
A．the disadvantages of working in an office
B．the waste produced in an office
C．to save resources when working in an office
D．how to save water in a restroom
2．How many kinds of waste are mentioned in the passage？
A．Two B．Three C．Four D．Five
3．From the passage we can infer that in the office．
A．using computers is a waste of resource
B．many people don't turn off the computers after using them
C．computers are run by electricity
D．a computer is not a must for working
4．It is suggested that we use both sides of the paper at the copier because______．
A．we are short of paper
B．the printing is not important
C．we should save paper
D．we have to pay for the paper
5．The underlined word mugs is most likely to be______．
A．a machine that makes coffee
B．a container that can be used again and again
C．a paper product for tea
D．something that can only be found in an office
Passage 3 BDBDB
Today ,as in every other day of the year ,more than 3000 . adolescents（青年人） will
smoke their first cigarette on their way to becoming regular smokers as adults. During their
lifetime, it can be expected that of these 3000 about 23 will be murdered, 30 will die in traffic
accidents, and nearly 750 will be killed by a smoking-related disease. The number of deaths
attributed to cigarette smoking outweighs all other factors, whether voluntary or involuntary, as a
cause of death. : .
勿以恶小而为之，勿以善小而不为。——刘备
Since the late 1970s, when daily smoking among high school seniors reached 30 percents,
smoking rates among youth have declined. While the decline is impressive （印象深刻的）, several
important issues must be raised.
First, in the past several years, smoking rates among youth have declined very little. Second, in
the late 1970s, smoking among male high school seniors exceeded that among female by nearly 10
percent. The statistic is reversing. Third ,several recent studies have indicate high school dropouts
have excessively high smoking rates, as much as 75 percent .
Finally, though significant declines in adolescent smoking have occurred in the past decade, no
definite reasons for the decline exist. Within this context, the National Cancer Institute (NCI)
began its current effort to determine the most effective measures to reduce smoking levels among
youth.
1. According to the author, the deaths among youth are mainly caused by _____.
A. traffic accidents
B. smoking-related disease
C. murder
D. all of these
2. Every day there are over _____high school students who will become regular smoker.
A. students who failed the examination
B. students who left school
C. students who lost their way
D. students who were driven out of school
4. The reason for declining adolescent smoking is that ________.
A. NCI has taken effective measures
B. smoking is prevented among high school seniors
C. there are many smokers who have died of cancer
D. none of these
5. What is implied but not stated by the author is that ________.
A. smoking rates among youth have declined very little
B. there are now more female than male smokers among high school seniors
C. high smoking rates are due to the increase in wealth
D. smoking at high school are from low socio-economic backgrounds
Passage 4 CCACC
Children in the United States are exposed to many influences other than that of their families.
Television is the most sig