文档介绍：该【英语语法被动语态 】是由【88jmni97】上传分享，文档一共【29】页，该文档可以免费在线阅读，需要了解更多关于【英语语法被动语态 】的内容，可以使用淘豆网的站内搜索功能，选择自己适合的文档，以下文字是截取该文章内的部分文字，如需要获得完整电子版，请下载此文档到您的设备，方便您编辑和打印。被动语态
目录
CONTENTS
01
被动语态的构成
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同学们的问题
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02
被动语态的使用要点
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练习题
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1
英语中 有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。
The road will be widened.（被动）
主动语态表示主语是谓语动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是谓语动作的承受者，其构成为be+过去分词。
eg. They will widen the road .（主动）
(一)1被动语态各种时态形式表
一般时态
进行时
完成时
现在
am
is asked
are
am
is being asked
are
has
been asked
have
过去
was
asked
were
was
being asked
were
had been asked
将来
shall
will
shall
have been asked
will
过去将来
should
be asked
would
should
have been asked
would
2 情态动词的被动语态
含有情态动词的谓语变为被动态时，结构为：
一般形式：情态动词（can,could,may,must,might,must,should,need等)+be+过去分词
完成式：情态动词（can,could,may,must,might,must,should,need等)+have+过去分词
eg. This can be done by hand.
The project might have been completed earlier.
. They shouldn’t have been told about the plan.
3 祈使句的被动态
（1）肯定祈使句的被动语态结构为：
let+宾语+be+过去分词
（2）否定祈使句的被动语态结构为：
don’t let+宾语+be+过去分词= let+宾语+not+be+过去分词
eg. Let us do it at once. (Let it be done at once.)
Don’t forget to water the flowers.
(Let it not be forgotten to water the flowers.
=Don’t let the flowers be forgotten to be watered.)
Note:，改为被动语态要用“By+特殊疑问句”结构
eg. Who invented the machine? (By whom was the machine invented?)
，改为被动语态要用疑问代词作主语
eg. What have you done to improve the quality?
(What has been done by you to improve the quality?)
3反问疑问词改为被动语态时，把宾语改为主语
eg. He can jump over the wall, can’t he?
(The wall can be jumped over by him, can’t it?
二 被动语态的使用要点
appear, rise, die, happen, occur, lie, belong to ,break out, take place 等都属于此类动词
Eg. Great changes have been taken place in my hometown.
Great changes have taken place in my hometown.（正确）
英语中有些动词（短语动词）表示某种状态或情况，有“拥有，容纳，适合，缺少，明白”等意，这类动词不能用于被动语态，常见的有：
lack, fit, mean, hold, have, cost, resemble（与….相似）,last, become, contain, fail等。
Eg. The book costs 10 yuan.
Her mother is resemble by Jane.(误）
Jane resembles her mother.（正）
Note: （1）当have作吃，接受，经历，度过解时，虽然用作行为动词，但一般不用于被动语态。
eg. The children had a most enjoyable holiday.（正）
A most enjoyable holiday was had by the children.（误）
但当have 作得到，获得，欺骗解，或同某些介词、副词结合构成及物性短语动词时，可用于被动语态。
eg. She has been had in the dealing (over the bargain).
The ticket can be had for the 。
，常见的这类词有：
bake, owe(欠), brew, cook, print, bind(绑), do等。
eg. The meat is cooking.
The tea is brewing.
A new film is showing in town.
（1）一般词组动词的被动态
词组动词有三种基本形式，即“动词+介词”、“动词+副词小品词”、“动词+副词小品词+介词”，当它们用作及物动词时，一般可以变为被动态。这时，词组动词应视为一个单词及物动词，其后的介词或副词小品词不可略去。
eg. a)动词+介词,如look after ,look into, talk about:
The children are well looked after.
b)动词+副词小品词,如set up, put off, bring about:
The sports meet is to be put off.
c)动词+副词小品词+介词,如do away with, face up to, put up with:
That sort of thing should be done away with.
(2)”动词+名词+介词”的被动态
这类词有take care of, make a mess of, pay attention to等。这类词组动词由主动态换为被动态时通常有两种形式，一种是把整个词组动词当做一个及物动词处理。
eg. He took great care of his books.
His books were taken great care of.
第二种形式是把词组动词看做“动词+宾语+介词词组”结构处理
eg. He took great care of his books.
Great care was taken of his books.
注意：采用第二种时要把整个介词词组放到被动语态的后面。
eg. They had made a mess of the house.（主动句）
The house had been made a mess of .（被动句，第一种形式）
A mess had been made of the house.（被动句，第二种形式）