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连铸坯内小气泡分布数值模拟研究
摘要：连铸过程中的气泡对坯料质量和性能有很大影响。为了更好地理解和控制连铸过程中的气泡分布情况，本文通过数值模拟方法对连铸坯内小气泡分布进行了研究。首先，使用计算流体力学（CFD）方法建立了一个二维模型来模拟气泡在连铸坯中的运动。然后，根据坯料的物理性质和实际操作条件，选择合适的边界条件和模型参数，并对气泡运动的影响因素进行了分析。最后，通过数值模拟得到了气泡在坯料中的分布情况，并与实际连铸过程中观察到的情况进行了比较。研究结果表明，在特定的操作条件下，气泡在坯料中呈现出一定的分布规律，并且可以通过调整操作参数来控制气泡分布的情况，实现连铸过程中坯料的优化。
关键词：连铸坯；小气泡；数值模拟；分布规律；操作参数
1. 引言
连铸技术是一种常用的金属材料成型方法，它可以实现高效、低能耗的连续生产过程。然而，在连铸过程中，由于熔融金属中存在着气体溶解度的限制以及连铸过程中的湍流等因素的影响，坯料中常常存在着小气泡。这些小气泡对连铸坯的质量和性能产生了很大的影响，因此研究连铸坯内小气泡的分布规律对于提高坯料的质量和性能具有重要意义。
2. 研究方法
模型建立
在本研究中，我们采用计算流体力学（CFD）方法建立了一个二维模型来模拟气泡在连铸坯中的运动。该模型基于连续介质假设，假设气泡与坯料之间存在质量传递，并考虑了湍流对气泡运动的影响。
模拟参数
为了保证模拟结果的准确性和可靠性，我们根据实际连铸操作条件和坯料的物理性质选择了适当的模拟参数。其中，包括坯料的密度、粘度、表面张力等物理性质，以及连铸过程中的流速、温度等操作参数。
3. 结果与讨论
通过数值模拟，我们得到了气泡在连铸坯中的分布情况。研究结果显示，当流速较低时，气泡更容易聚集在坯料的中心部分；而当流速较高时，气泡则更容易分散在整个坯料中。此外，气泡的大小和形状也对其分布情况产生了影响。具体来说，较小的气泡更容易被湍流带走，而较大的气泡更容易停留在坯料中。
4. 结论
通过数值模拟研究，在特定的操作条件下，我们可以控制坯料中气泡的分布情况，从而实现连铸过程中坯料的优化。然而，需要注意的是，数值模拟结果是对实际连铸过程的近似，仍然需要进一步的实验验证和参数优化。此外，还需要进一步研究气泡与坯料之间的相互作用机制，以更好地理解和控制连铸过程中的气泡分布情况。
参考文献：
[1] 张三，李四. 连铸过程中小气泡的研究进展[J]. 金属材料与冶金工程，20XX,XX(X)：XX-XX.
[2] 王五，赵六. 数值模拟在连铸坯内小气泡分布研究中的应用[J]. 连铸技术，20XX,XX(X)：XX-XX.
Abstract: The bubbles during the continuous casting process have a significant impact on the quality and properties of the billet. In order to better understand and control the distribution of bubbles in the continuous casting process, this paper studied the distribution of small bubbles in the continuous casting billet through numerical simulation. Firstly, a two-dimensional model was established using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method to simulate the movement of bubbles in the continuous casting billet. Then, appropriate boundary conditions and model parameters were selected based on the physical properties of the billet and actual operating conditions, and the factors influencing the movement of bubbles were analyzed. Finally, the distribution of bubbles in the billet was obtained through numerical simulation and compared with the observed results during the actual continuous casting process. The research results show that under specific operating conditions, the bubbles in the billet exhibit certain distribution patterns, and the distribution of bubbles can be controlled by adjusting operational parameters to optimize the continuous casting process.
Keywords: Continuous casting billet; Small bubbles; Numerical simulation; Distribution pattern; Operational parameters
1. Introduction
Continuous casting technology is a commonly used method for metal material forming, which can realize efficient and low-energy continuous production process. However, during the continuous casting process, due to the limitation of gas solubility in the molten metal and the influence of turbulence and other factors, there are often small bubbles in the billet. These bubbles have a significant impact on the quality and properties of the continuous casting billet, so studying the distribution pattern of small bubbles in the continuous casting billet is of great significance for improving the quality and properties of the billet.
2. Research methodology
Model establishment
In this study, we used computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method to establish a two-dimensional model to simulate the movement of bubbles in the continuous casting billet. The model is based on the assumption of continuous medium, assuming mass transfer between bubbles and the billet, and considering the influence of turbulence on bubble movement.
Simulation parameters
To ensure the accuracy and reliability of the simulation results, appropriate simulation parameters were chosen based on the actual continuous casting operating conditions and the physical properties of the billet. These parameters include the density, viscosity, surface tension of the billet, as well as flow rate and temperature during the continuous casting process.
3. Results and discussion
Through numerical simulation, we obtained the distribution pattern of bubbles in the continuous casting billet. The research results show that when the flow rate is low, bubbles are more likely to aggregate in the central part of the billet, while when the flow rate is high, bubbles are more likely to disperse throughout the billet. In addition, the size and shape of bubbles also have an impact on their distribution pattern. Specifically, smaller bubbles are more likely to be carried away by turbulence, while larger bubbles are more likely to stay in the billet.
4. Conclusion
Through numerical simulation research, we can control the distribution pattern of bubbles in the billet under specific operating conditions, achieving the optimization of the billet during the continuous casting process. However, it should be noted that the numerical simulation results are approximations of the actual continuous casting process, and further experimental verification and parameter optimization are still needed. In addition, further research is needed on the interaction mechanism between bubbles and the billet to better understand and control the distribution pattern of bubbles in the continuous casting process.
References:
[1] Zhang S, Li S. Research progress on small bubbles during continuous casting process[J]. Journal of Materials and Metallurgical Engineering, 20XX, XX(X): XX-XX.
[2] Wang W, Zhao L. Application of numerical simulation in the study of small bubbles in continuous casting billet[J]. Continuous Casting Technology, 20XX, XX(X): XX-XX.