文档介绍：基于EXCELL的间接平差程序设计
摘要
目前,我们在进行地形图测图时经常会建立平面控制网和高程控制网,为了提高数据精度和成果准确度,我们通常需要通过数据平差来处理好数据误差问题,通过平差基本上就可以消除或减弱误差,获得最可靠的成果,进而评定测量成果的精度。在现代测量平差中,根据导线网的复杂程度,通常需要参与大量的矩阵运算,为此矩阵计算在平差数据起着举足轻重的作用,目前虽然关于矩阵计算的软件很多,但其弱点是对每一个运算都需要进行编程,这对于测绘工程技术人员是很不方便的。加之在布网过程中由于地形条件或者工程需要,控制网往往不是单一的,需要将控制网、三角网等结合起来使用,这种灵活性也给数据处理带来麻烦,产生的直接后果就是需要修改原来已经编写好的程序,甚至重新编写。从各方面综合考虑,Microsoft Excel 则可以非常适合的进行导线网平差,它不仅具有丰富的表格制作功能,而且还有强大的函数计算功能,能创建和编辑公式,引入软件系统提供的函数来完成各种复杂的计算,过程清楚,界面直观。对于不同网型,不同数据具有较大的灵活性。在测量平差计算中, 相当多的计算工作是矩阵转置、求逆、相乘等, 人工解算容易出错, 且现有各种平差软件一般均为过程隐含式的, 不利于测量初学者掌握测量平差原理。探讨利用电子表格软件
( Exce l 2003)内置函数中的矩阵运算功能处理测量平差计算的方法, 并以水准网间接平差的解算为例, 介绍其使用方法及使用技巧。
关键词 Excel,控制测量,水准网,间接平差,精度评定
ADJUSTMENT PROGRAM BASED ON
THE EXCEL WORK DESIGN
ABSTRACT
At present, we are conducting a topographic map mapping often creates horizontal work, and the vertical work, in order to improve data accuracy and results accuracy, we usually need the data adjustment to deal with good data error problem, basically through the adjustmentcan eliminate or weaken the error, the most reliable results, and then assessed the accuracy of the measurement results. In modern measurement adjustment, according to plexity of work of wires, usually need to be involved in a lot of matrix operations, this matrix calculation plays an important role in the adjustment data, the current software on the matrix calculation, but its weakness is puting need to be programmed for surveying and mapping engineering and technical personnel is very convenient. Coupled with a cloth mesh process work is often not a single work, you need to work, used bination, this flexibility can also bring trouble to the data processing due to terrain conditions or engineering needs, a direct result of to modify the original to write a good program, and even re-write. All aspects considered, Microsoft Excel can be very suitable for the adjustment, which not only has a wealth of form production function, and there is a strong puting power, can create and edit formulas, t