大型金相试样切割机的设计与研究.doc

文档介绍：大型金相试样切割机的设计与研究
摘要:针对金相试样的特殊要求,对金相试样的切割技术和磨削过程进行了研究,采用机电一体化系统设计思想,对其整体造型、机械结构和控制系统进行了设计,保证了金相试样的切割质量,提高了切割机的切割能力。控制系统的核心采用PLC实现自动控制,采用变频调速器实现了砂轮片转速的无级可调,采用步进电机细分调速技术提高了切割机的控制精度,增强了切割不同材料的适应性。
关键词:金相试样 PLC控制切割机
The researched on the Metallographic sample cutting machine which based on four,s shaft
Abstract:Because of requirement of the metallographic sample was special, this paper researched the cutting technology and the griding process of the metallophic metallographic sample cutter was analysed systemic according to the Mechatronics, system design principle and whole sculpt , machine, control system were designed, which assured the cutting quality of the metallophic sample and improved the capability of the cut. The core of the control system was PLC, the frequency conversion timing which achieved the grinding wheel’s stepless timing and automation. This improved the control precision of the cutting machine and boosted up the adaptability of cut various materials.
Keywords:Metallographic sample; PLC control; cutter.
引言
金相试样切割机主要用于金相试样的截取和各种材料的下料、切口等,在冶金、汽车、航空航天等制造业中应用极为广泛。目前国内缺乏大型的金相试样切割机,对较大的零件例如汽车曲轴直接进行取样比较困难,根据试样切割前后金相组织不变的基本要求,在满足各种零件的切割效率同时,本文对大型金相试样切割机进行了设计与研究,最大切割直径可达150mm,纵向切割范围可达300mm,满足了较大零件的截取和下料。
同普通机械行业中的金属切割不同,切割金相试样对保持原有组织状态比较严格,即必须保证所截取试样的金相组织与原部件组织一致,这就要求在截取试样的过程当中试样受热、受外力作用要尽量小,因为这两种情况都会引起一定的组织变化。因此,在机械切割金属试样时要力求试样温度不超过1500C,使切口无过烧现象,试样真实性