文档介绍：扁桃体炎 Tonsillitis
定义:
扁桃体作为咽淋巴环的重要结构,位于呼吸道和消化道的上端,最先接触自口鼻进入的病原,在机体抵抗力下降时容易受到病原体侵犯而发炎。主要包括急﹑慢性扁桃体炎。
Definition:
Tonsil is the important structure of the pharyngeal lymphatic circle, located at the upper of respiratory tract and digestive tract, which is first contact with pathogen from mouth/nose. That is easily invading by pathogen, then takes place inflammation, including acute / chronic tonsillitis.
急性扁桃体炎 Acute tonsillitis
定义:
腭扁桃体的急性非特异性炎症,常伴有急性咽炎,是一种咽部常见病,多发于儿童﹑青年,在季节更替,气温变化时容易发病。可分为卡他性﹑化脓性两型。
Definition:
The acute non-special inflammation of Palatine tonsil, being linked to pharyngitis. That is mon disease and more takes place in children/youth, including catarrh/ suppurating type.
病因 Etiology
感染
主要致病菌为乙型容血性链球菌
葡萄球菌
肺炎双球菌
腺病毒
厌氧菌
机体防御能力下降
常见诱因
受凉﹑劳累﹑潮湿﹑烟酒
传染性
飞沫或直接接触传染,通常呈散发性,偶有爆发流行
Infection
The main germs was B us
i
Pneumonia-us
Adenoviruses/Anaerobes
The ability of body defence was mon factor
cold/tired/wetness/smoking/drinking
Infectivity
droplet/directly contacting
临床特征 Clinical feature
急性卡他性扁桃体炎:
咽痛
低热
轻度全身症状:
乏力﹑酸痛﹑精神差
粘膜急性充血肿胀,扁桃体表面无渗出物
血象:白细胞总数及
中性白细胞升高
Acute catarrhal tonsillitis
Pharyngeal pain/Low fever
Lightly total symptom:
aching pain/inertia
Acute congestion of mucosa,
having little exudates on
tonsil surface
Blood: The amount of WBC/
neutrophil was high.
临床特征 Clinical feature
急性化脓性扁桃体炎
起病急,局部和全身症状较重
咽痛剧烈,反射痛,吞咽困难
畏寒﹑高热:幼儿可高热抽搐,呕吐﹑昏睡
扁桃体肿大,周围充血,表面有脓点或假膜,假膜不超出扁桃体范围,易擦拭去,不出血
下颌角淋巴结肿大﹑压痛
血象:白细胞总数及中性白细胞升高
Actue suppurative tonsllitis
Rapidly illness, having more symptoms of total/local body.
Pharyngeal pain intensity / flecting pain / disphagia
Feeling cool /high fever: tic/vomiting / lethargy
Swelling of tonsil / peri-tonsil hyperemia,having pus and false membrane on tonsil surface.
swelling of lymphatic nodes ia angle of mandible,having pressing pain.
Blood: The amount of WBC/neutrophil was high.
急性化脓性扁桃体炎
诊断 Diagnosis
典型病史+咽部检查
鉴别诊断:
咽炎
猩红热
溃疡性咽炎
Typical history/ pharyngeal examination
Differential diagnosis