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必修1
Unit 5 Nelson Mandela——a modern hero
能力演练
一、语法填空
专题训练（一） 巧用派生词，做好语法填空
◆技巧点拨
要做好高考语法填空题中的词语派生题，关键是掌握词语搭配关系，然后将所给单词变成该搭配所需要的形式。因此，请理解并牢记下表内容。
句子成分
概念描述
所处语境
适用词类
主语
什么人或什么事、动作的发出者
句子最前面，冠词、物主代词、some，any，other等不定代词后
名词、代词、不定式、动名词
宾语
动作的对象、承受者
及物动词或介词后，冠词、物主代词、some，any，other等不定代词后
谓语
表明主语干什么或是什么
主语后
动词
表语
说明主语的身份、特征或状态
系动词后
形容词、名词、少数副词、介词短语、分词
补足语
补充说明主语或宾语
宾语或被动式谓语后
定语
修饰或限定名词或代词
名词前，something等不定代词后
形容词
状语
修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子
动词前后，形容词或副词前，句首
副词
◆活学活用
阅读下面短文，用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。
A father sat at his desk looking at and carefully studying his 1 (month)bill when his young son rushed in and announced,“Dad,because this is your birthday and you are 55 years old,Im going to give you 55 kisses,one for each year!” But the father exclaimed,“Oh,Peter,dont do it m too busy!”
The boy immediately fell 2 (silence)as tears rolled down from his big blue eyes. 3 (apologize)the father said,“You can finish later.”
The boy said nothing but 4 (quiet)walked away, 5 (disappont)written over his evening the father said,“Come and finish the kisses now,Peter!
” But the boy didnt respond. 6 (fortunate),the boy had an accident and was heartbroken father wrote,“If only I could tell him how much I regret my 7 (thought)words and could be assured that he knows how much my heart is aching.”
Love is a twoway loving act must be 8 (warm)accepted or it will be taken as 9 (reject)and can leave a is more 10 (importance)than responding with love to the cry for love from those who are near and precious to us.
二、完形填空
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1~15各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
I was a single parent of four small children,working at a lowpaid I didnt want my children to know we were poor,so when christmas was drawing near,I decided to give them some money to buy some 1 .
They planned weeks ahead of time,asking 2 what they wanted for ,I had saved ＄ 120 for 3 to share by all five of us.
The big 4 gave each kid a twentydollar bill and 5 them to look for gifts of about four dollars each.〖JP3〗Then everyone scattered（散开）.We had two hours to shop;then we would 6 back at the
“Santa,s Workshop”.
Driving home,everyone was in high Christmas spirits, 7 my younger daughter,Ginger,who was unusually 8 .She had only one small,flat bag with a few candiesfiftycent candies!I was so angry,but I didn,t say anything 9 〖JP3〗we got called her into my bedroom and closed the 〖JP2〗door, 10 to be angry is what she told me.
“I was looking 11 thinking of what to buy,and I 12 to read the little cards on the ‘Giving Trees’.One was for a little girl,four years old,and all she 13 for Christmas was a doll（玩具娃娃）.So I took the card off the tree and 14 the doll for have so much and she doesn,t have anything.”
I never felt so 15 as I did that day.
other other
by one other one
三、阅读理解
专题训练(一) 阅读中的猜词技巧（5）
根据生活经验常识和逻辑推理推测词义
◆方法点拨
有时候，逻辑推理和自身的生活经验及普通常识能帮助我们确定词义。如:
例1：The snake slithered through the grass.
根据有关蛇的生活习性和知识，我们可以推出snither的词义为“爬行”。
例2：Fishes live in water and have fins which help them to fishes have slimy skins covered with scales,but in fishes such as eels the scales are very small and can hardly be seen.
凭常识我们不难猜出fins,slimy和scales的确切意思分别是“鳍”、“滑溜的”和“鳞”，对于eels一词，我们只需知道是fish的一种（鳝鱼类）就行了。
例3：Not wanting to disturb the sleeping kitten,I gingerly lifted her from the box and put her on a blanket near the heater.
根据前半句的Not wanting to disturb（不愿打扰），我们便可大致推测出gingerly一词的含义：“小心翼翼地”。
◆活学活用
（一）根据上述技巧,猜测下列划线词的词义。
man walked briskly to keep warm on the very cold night.
door was so low that I hit my head on the lintel.
a doctor performs an operation on a patient，he usually gives an anaesthetic to make him unconscious，because he does not want his patient to feel pain or to know what is happening to him.
you are capable of working twelve hours a day without a rest，and if you can engage in physical exercise for hours without seeming to get tired，then you are indefatigable.
of people got stuck in no one panicked,we passed the time telling stories.
（二）阅读下列短文，按要求完成读写任务。
(2009年全国卷Ⅱ)
I know you,re thinking:Pizza(比萨饼)？For breakfast？But the truth is that you can have last night,s leftover in the am if you want to.
I know lots of women who skip breakfast(不吃早餐),and they have a ton of different excuses for doing say they don,t have time,others think they are saving calories(卡路里),still others just don,t like breakfast food.
But the bottom line is that eating in the morning is very important when you are trying to lose weight.“Eating just about anything from 300 to 400 calories would be better than nothing at all,”says Katherine Brooking,,who developed the super easy eating plan for this year,s SELFCHALLENGE.“And even pizza can be healthy if its loaded with vegetables,and you stick to one small piece.”
Breakfast is one meal I never miss,and the same goes for most weight loss success stories. Research shows that eating breakfast keeps you from overeating late in the at the University of Southern California found that breakfast skippers have a bigger chance of gaining weight than those who regularly have a morning meal.
So eat something in the morning, know plenty of friends who end up having no breakfast altogether,and have just coffee or orange say,try heating up last nights leftovers—it may sound crazy,but if it works for you,do it! I find if I tell myself,“You can always eat it tomorrow,” I put away the leftovers instead of eating more that may save yourself some prebedtime watch your body gain the fatburning effects!
Ⅰ.根据所读短文，写一篇30词左右的摘要。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Ⅱ.根据短文，选择最佳答案。
word “leftovers” in Paragraph 1 probably means_____________.
remaining after a meal
left undone
made of vegetables
topped with fruit
can we infer from the passage?
women usually have breakfast in a hurry.
people have wrong ideas about breakfast.
are some easy ways of cooking a meal.
vegetables helps save energy.
to the last paragraph,it is important to _____________.
something for breakfast
careful about what you eat
up food before eating it
caloriecontrolled food
text is written mainly for those_____________.
go to work early
want to lose weight
stay up late
eat before sleep
does the underlined sentence mean?
breakfast is helpful if you want to lose weight.
breakfast will make you fatter.
breakfast can help lose weight.
can,t lose weight without breakfast.
参考答案
一、
二、
:母亲打算给孩子们买些圣诞礼物。
答案：A
:由“I had saved ＄120 for presents to share by all five of us.”可知，孩子们彼此询问对方需要什么样的礼物，故选B。
答案：B
:由上下文信息可知，这120美元是用来买“礼物”的，故C正确。
答案：C