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二、用法
(1)“It ＋be＋过去分词＋that从句”可以变为
“People＋动词＋that从句” 和
“Sb./Sth.＋be＋过去分词＋不定式”两种形式。
例：人们说乔治会把他的基因传给新一代。
→It is said that George will pass on his genes to a new generation.
→People say that George will pass on his genes to a new generation.
→George is said to pass on his genes to a new generation.
非人称转述结构
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非人称转述结构
(2009·全国卷Ⅱ) It is often _______ that
human beings are naturally equipped to (具备…)
speak.
A. said B. to say C. saying D. being said
解析：选A。考查固定句式。句式It is often said that...表示“据说……；人们常说……”。It为形式主语，指代that从句。句意：人们常说，人天生具有语言能力。
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非人称转述结构
用不定式结构应注意以下两点：
1)主谓一致
污染被认为是一个非常严重的问题。
It is thought that pollution is a very serious problem.
→Pollution is thought to be a very serious problem.
据说海豚是非常友好的动物。
It is said that dolphins are very friendly animals.
→Dolphins are said to be very friendly animals.
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非人称转述结构
2)不定式的时态
(1)如果转述的动作发生于转述的同一时间/还未发生，用不定式的一般式(to do )。
据说他是这家公司的经理。
It is said that he is the manager of the company.
→He is said to be the manager of the company.
他们恐怕会放弃。
It was feared that they would give up.
→They were feared to give up.
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非人称转述结构
(2)如果转述的动作此时正在发生，用不定式的进行时(to be doing)。
据报道警察正在调查(look into)这起案件。
It is reported that the police are looking into this case.
→The police are reported to be looking into this case.
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非人称转述结构
(3)如果转述的动作发生在转述之前，则用不定式的完成式(to have done)。
人们猜想那架飞机被劫持(hijack)了。
It is supposed that the plane was hijacked.
→The plane is supposed to have been hijacked.
人们知道那个小偷已经被逮捕了。
It is known that the thief has been arrested.
→The thief is known to have been arrested.
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非人称转述结构
(2007·辽宁)The crowd cheered wildly at the
sight of (看见) Liu Xiang, who was reported
________ the world record (破世界纪录) in the
110­meter hurdle race.
A．breaking B．having broken
C．to have broken D．to break
解析：选C 。此题考查了sb. is reported to do
结构。break这个动作发生在report之前，故
用完成时态。
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非人称转述结构
总结：非人称转述结构的不定式用法
do
sb./sth. be said to
have done
reported/thought/believed/known...
be doing
— 同时/未发生
— 正在发生
— 在转述之前
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非人称转述结构
注意：若转述的动词是suggest, order, require, demand等单词，从句需用(should) do形式。
. 人们已经建议必须立即采取措施。
(take measures)
It is suggested that measures _____________ at once.
(should) be taken
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