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以太网 PHY 寄存器分析
以太网 PHY 寄存器分析.................................................................................................................1
1、以太网 PHY 标准寄存器分析...........................................................................................2
Control Register ..........................................................................................................2
Status register..............................................................................................................5
PHY Identifier Register...............................................................................................8
Auto-Negotiation Advertisement Register..................................................................8
Auto-Negotiation Link Partner Base Page Ability Register........................................9
Auto-Negotiation Expansion Register ......................................................................10
AN next page Register/AN Link Partner Received Next Page .................................10
MASTER-SLAVE Control Register.........................................................................10
MASTER-SLAVE Status Register ...........................................................................12
Extended Status Register.........................................................................................13
2、PHY 扩展寄存器分析......................................................................................................13
工作模式控制器....................................................................................................14
端口驱动模式...........................................................................................................15
预加重配置..............................................................................................................15
自动协商降格...........................................................................................................16
Auto-Crossover 配置 ................................................................................................17
MDI 信号边沿速率调整..........................................................................................18
错误指示寄存器......................................................................................................18

1 : .

1、以太网 PHY 标准寄存器分析
PHY 是中定义的一个标准模块，STA（station management entity，
管理实体，一般为 MAC 或 CPU）通过 SMI（Serial Manage Interface）对 PHY
的行为、状态进行管理和控制，而具体管理和控制动作是通过读写 PHY 内部的
寄存器实现的。PHY 寄存器的地址空间为 5 位，从 0 到 31 最多可以定义 32 个
寄存器（随着芯片功能不断增加，很多 PHY 芯片采用分页技术来扩展地址空间
以定义更多的寄存器，在此不作讨论），定义了地址为 0-15 这 16 个寄
存器的功能，地址 16-31 的寄存器留给芯片制造商自由定义，如表 1 所示。以下
结合实际应用，对定义的寄存器各项功能进行分析。

表 1 PHY 管理寄存器集
Basic/Extended
Register address Register name
MII GMII
0 Control B B
1 Status B B
2,3 PHY Identifier E E
Auto-Negotiation
4 E E
Advertisement
Auto-Negotiation Link Partner
5 E E
Base Page Ability
6 Auto-Negotiation Expansion E E
Auto-Negotiation Next Page
7 E E
Transmit
Auto-Negotiation Link Partner
8 E E
Received Next Page
MASTER-SLAVE Control
9 E E
Register
MASTER-SLAVE Status
10 E E
Register
11 through 14 Reserved E E
15 Extended Status Reserved B
16 through 31 Vendor Specific E E

Control Register
寄存器 0 是 PHY 控制寄存器，通过 Control Register 可以对 PHY 的主要工
作状态进行设置。Control Register 的每一位完成的功能见表 2。

表 2 Control Register
2 : .
Bit(s) Name Description R/Wa
1 = PHY reset R/W
Reset
0 = normal operation SC
1 = enable loopback mode
Loopback R/W
0 = disable loopback mode

1 1 = Reserved
Speed Selection (LSB) 1 0 = 1000 Mb/s R/W
0 1 = 100 Mb/s
0 0 = 10 Mb/s
1 = Enable Auto-Negotiation Process
Auto-Negotiation Enable R/W
0 = Disable Auto-Negotiation Process
1 = power down
Power Down R/W
0 = normal operation
1 = electrically Isolate PHY from MII or
Isolate GMII R/W
0 = normal operation