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课时提能练(四十七)
选修 8 Unit 24 Society (A)
课时作业A：基础层面
Yu Fang insisted that she was (be) tired and was willing to stay the night but I insisted that she (should) go (go) at once.
r d rather you met (meet) her at the airport tomorrow morning.
It is bad manners to show off your knowledge and cleverness in public.
It's high time that we did/should do (do) something to improve the situation.
New means of transport make it possible to travel around cities within hours.
.单句改错
Jack has just bought another new car； he must be very good off. good^well
r d rather we have a rest now, have—had
Don，t take it serious—he was only teasing, serious —seriously
A volcano in Indonesia erupted on November the 16th,2010, and consequent, hundreds of people were killed. consequcntfconsequently
New technologies have made this possible to turn out new products faster and at a lower cost, this->it
.选词成篇
A
break into, to start with, take it seriously, keep an eye on, be sentenced to
Several days ago , the police 1. kept an eye on three thieves who had 2. brokoK into a bank. 3. To staet with, they 4. took it siniously and came up with a good plan. They arrested the thieves without any difficulty. Finally the thieves 5. were sentenced to three years in prison.
B
to start with, do one，s best, play an important role in, contribute to
Volunteering work 6. plays au important role in our . To start with we should try as much as we can to help the people in need. If we 8. do our best in our life, it will to the whole work greatly.
.完成句子
1. r d rather you hadn，t (我宁愿你没有)hurt him that day.
Scientists say they are beginning to break through in the fight against cancer.
.应当是孩子们睡觉的时候了。
It is high tithat the children should go to bed.
.我们只好离开国家了。
We must resign gurse1ves to leaving the country.
.他们对仇敌无怜悯之意。
They showed mercy to their enemies.
课时作业B：实力层面
I .阅读理解
A
(2024 •济宁一中高三第四次月考)Many of the world，s most successful people were once failures. Here are the stories of a few of them.
Abraham Lincoln (1809—1865)
Abraham Lincoln was one of America，s greatest leaders, taking the country through the Civil War (from 1861 to 1865). However, his life was never easy. He started numerous businesses that failed, he went bankrupt twice, and was defeated in 26 campaigns for public office. He later said, “My great concern is not whether you have failed, but whether you are content with your failure. ”
Vincent Van Gogh (1853-1890)
Van Gogh is one of the most famous and influential painters in the history of Western Art. He's renowned for paintings such as The Starry Night, The Potato Eaters and Sunflowers. However, during his lifetime, Van Gogh sold only one painting for a very small amount of money. Despite this, he carried on painting, something even going without food so he could complete his collection of over 800 known works.
Albert Einstein (1879 — 1955)
Albert Einstein won the Noble Prize in Physics in 1921. However, he wasn，t always considered a “genius” . He didn，t speak until he was four, and couldn，t read until he was teachers and parents thought he was slow, so he was expelled from school and couldn，t get into the Zurich Polytechnic School. He later famously said, “Success is failure in progress. ”
Stephen King (born 1947)
Stephen King is one of the best- selling authors of all time, but his first book, Carrie, was rejected by about 30 publishers. Eventually, Stephen threw it in the bin, but his wife fished it out and encouraged him to resubmit it , which he did. . . successfully this time!
【语篇解读】世界上有很多人在胜利之前都遭受了失败，本文就为我们列举了几位著 名人物的相关事例。
Which statement is TRUE about Abraham Lincoln?
He led the American War of Independence.
He never succeeded in his business.
He was full of courage and perseverance.
He is the greatest president of the United States.
C ［推理推断题。由 Abraham Lincoln 部分的最终一1句 "He later said, 'My great concern is not whether you have failed, but whether you are content with your failure.""可推断出，虽然历经失败，但亚伯拉罕•林肯仍充溢志气并坚持不懈，故选C。］
Who became famous all over the world after his death?
Abraham Lincoln.
Vincent Van Gogh.
Albert Einstein.
Stephen King.
B ［推理推断题。由 Vincent Van Gogh 部分的第三句 uHowever, during his lifetime, Van Gogh sold only one painting for a very small amount of money. ” 可推断出梵 • 高 是在去世之后，才著名于全世界的，故选B。］
What was the most likely reason for Albert Einstein，s dropping out of school?
He was too slow to learn.
He couldn，t speak or read.
His teacher thought he was stupid.
He didn，t obey the school rules.
C ［推理推断题。由 Albert Einstein 部分的第四句"His teachers and parents thought he was slow, so he was expelled from school and couldn，t get into the Zurich Polytechnic School."可推断出爱因斯坦被退学，最可能的缘由就是老师认为他很笨，slow 在此处意为“迟钝的，笨的"，故选C。］
What do these people have in common?
They are all Americans.
They are known for their writings.
They were born in the same century.
They all suffered failure before they succeeded.
D ［推理推断题。由文章第一段“Many of the world，s most successful people were once failures. Here are the stories of a few of them. ” 可知，这些人的共同之处是他 们在胜利之前都遭受了失败，故选
D。］
B
（2024 •重庆巴蜀中学期中）Scientists have found living organisms trapped in crystals （晶体）that could be 50, 000 years old.
The organisms were found in a hot, but beautiful cave system in Naica, Mexico. These ancient life forms can be seen only with a microscope. Penelope Boston, who leads the Astrobiology Institute at NASA, the space agency of the United States, says the ancient microbes were able to live by eating minerals such as iron.
She spoke about the discovery recently at a meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. If the findings are confirmed, they will show how microbes can survive in extreme conditions. Forty different kinds of microbes and some viruses were found in the underground area. The genetic structures of these organisms are 10 percent different from those of their nearest relatives.
The caves in Naica are 800 kilometers deep. They were once used for mining lead. Before the miners began working in the caves, the area was separated from the surface and the outside world. Some of the caves are as big as the large religious centers built during Europe，s Middle Ages. There are crystals covering the walls. The caves are so hot that scientists must wear special clothing to keep cool. The clothing keeps the crystals safe from human germs（病菌）or other damage. Boston said the researchers could only work for about 20 minutes at a time before they had to go to a room that was 38 degrees Celsius to cool down.
NASA officials would not let Boston share her findings with scientific experts before last week's announcement. So scientists could not say much about the findings. But Norine Noonan, a biologist with the University of South Florida, said she believed them. "Why are we surprised? ” Noonan asked. "As a biologist, I would say life on Earth is extremely tough and extremely colorful.”
Boston is also studying microbes commonly found inside caves in other countries, such as Ukraine and the United States. These microbes appear to be impossible to kill. Boston said they show how difficult life on Earth can be.
【语篇解读】 这篇文章主要讲了科学家在墨西哥发觉了 5万岁的“超级生命”，这些 古老的微生物能够通过食用铁等矿物质生存。
The existence of the ancient microbes relies on .
A. surrounding insects B. eating minerals
C. diverse plants D. absorbing air
B ［细微环节理解题。由其次段最终一句中的“says the ancient microbes were able to live by eating minerals such as iron”
可知，这些古老的微生物能够通过食用铁等 矿物质生存。故选B。］
What can we infer about the caves in Naica from the passage?
The temperature in the caves is quite low.
The environment in the caves is difficult to adapt to.
The walls are covered by crystals.
The caves have been explored since they were formed.
B ［推理推断题。由第四段最终四句可知，洞窟里相当热，科学家必需穿特别的衣服才 能保持凉快，而且探讨人员每次只能工作约20分钟，然后他们就得到38摄氏度的房间里降 温。由此可以推断出，洞窟里的环境很难适应。选B。］
What is the biologist Norine Noonan，s attitude towards the findings?
A. Neutral. B. Doubtful.
C. Positive. D. Indifferent.
C ［观点看法题。由倒数其次段中的“She believed them",再结合后面她说的话可 知，她对这些发觉是持乐观看法的。故选C。］
What's the main idea of the passage?
Living organisms bring hope to scientific research.
Caves provide living environment for living organisms.
Microbes show great power to survive in terrible conditions.
Scientists discover 50, 000-year-old “super life” in Mexico.
D ［主旨大意题。这篇文章主要讲了科学家在墨西哥发觉了 5万岁的“超级生命”，这 些古老的微生物能够通过食用铁等矿物质生存。故选D。］
（2024 •安徽江淮十校联考）Teens are certainly confusing and complicated, but there is one thing that's clear about them： More than anything else, they want to fit in with their peers. They want and need to stay connected. Without connection, they feel lonely, anxious and sad, 1 .
Teens, like adults, run into all sorts of dilemmas with their friends. Friendships are neither all good nor all bad. As an adult, you have experience with these sorts of friends and have made your own adjustments in these relationships. Given both your own life experience and your concern for your teens, you，re in an excellent position to help your teens set boundaries with friends. Certainly, some friendships are worth maintaining, while some are not, 2. There are many ways you can help your teens handle these relationships effectively. Here are some steps I would suggest taking：
Teach your teens to label their feelings. They need to know what it is that they are feeling first to effectively set limits and boundaries with friends. Help them label setbacks, exhaustion, disappointment and anger. This is no small task. Many kids struggle with labeling their feelings.
3 . If they sense that something is wrong in a friendship, they' re probably
right, and they need to quit it as soon as possible.
Explain to your teens that they can't be all things to all friends. And let them know that friendships are most likely to grow and continue if they feel good about them.
Discuss different ways to set boundaries. Explain to your kids that just as it makes sense to say yes at times, 4 . Just as it's fine to spend lots of time with a friend during the week, it's equally OK to spend less time with the same friend when that friend is being too demanding or needy.
Look at your behavior in relationships. _5_. They are quietly watching your every move. So make sure you're setting a good example for them to follow in your relationships as well.
so they need to tell what are right relationships
and they shall find their way out of those friendships
Keep in mind that you are your teens， most important role model
Remind your teens of bad relationships
it's also socially acceptable to say no at other times
Encourage your teens to mind their feelings and follow the sixth sense
but they may get exhausted by their friendships as well
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇争论文。青少年没有挚友会感到孤独、焦虑和哀痛。本文主 要讲解并描述父母应当指导孩子如何交挚友和如何处理与挚友之间的关系。
G ［依据上文可知，假如孩子们缺乏与他人的交往，他们会感到孤独、焦虑和哀痛。 因此推断G项“但是他们也会因为自己与他人的友情处理不当而感到身心乏累”符合语境。 故选Go ］
B ［依据上文“Certainly, some friendships are worth maintaining, while some are not”可知，有些友情值得维持，而有些不值得，因此推断当友情不值得维持时，孩子 们应当找到方法摆脱那些友情。故选B。］
F ［空格处是段落主题句。由下文可知，假如孩子们感到友情有什么不对，他们应 当是对的，须要尽快从中摆脱出来。因此推断本段讲解并描述父母应当激励孩子们遵从自己 的感觉，听从直觉。故选F。］
E ［依据段落主题句和空前的一句可知，与孩子探讨设置友情界线的方法，向孩子 们说明，在维护友情的过程中，有时候要说“是”，£项“有时候说‘不'也是社交中认可 的”符合语境。故选E。］
C ［依据下文可知，孩子们凝视着你的一举一动，所以要确保为他们做好表率，因 此推断C项“记住，你是孩子最重要的榜样”。故选C。］
DIY in Britain
The British like DIY. A lot of people always spend their holidays 1. (make) their homes more beautiful. If there is anything 2. needs repairing or decorating around their homes, such as painting walls and putting in a new shower, they will do the jobs 3. (they). They share DIY experience can save money. So, it is not surprising that DIY is very popular.
DIY can be difficult. People often find it not easy 5. (build) a piece of furniture because they can，t understand the 6. (direct) well. What，s more, DIY can also be 7.(danger). For example, anything electrical should be done by a professional worker. 8.(unlucky), many people don't care a