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2025年TOEFL全真试题2-2（合集篇）
篇1：TOEFL全真试题2-2
TOEFL全真试题（2-2）
VOCABULARY AND READING COMPREHENSION
Questions 1-13
????Atmospheric pressure can support a column of water up to 10 meters high. But
plants can move water much higher, the sequoia tree can pump water to its very top,
more than 100 meters above the ground. Until the end of the nineteenth century , the
movement of water s in trees and other talls plants was a mystery. Some botanists
hypothesized that the living cells of plants acted as pumps, but many experiments
demonstrated that the stems of plants in which all the cells are killed can still move
water to appreciable heights. Other explanations for the movement of water in plants
have been based on root pressure, a push on the water from the roots at the bottom of
the plant. But root pressure is not nearly great enough to push water to the tops of tall
trees, Furthermore, the conifers, which are among the tallest trees have unusually low
root pressures.
???If water is not pumped to the top of a tall tree, .and if it is not pushed, to the top of a
tall tree, then we may ask. How does it get there? According to the currently accepted
cohesion-tension theory, water is pulled there. The pull on a rising column of water in a
plant results from the evaporation of water at the top of the plant. As water is lost from
the surface of the leaves,a negative pressure or tension is created. The evaporated
water is replaced by water moving from inside the plant in unbroken columns that
extend from the top of a plant to its roots. The same forces that create surface tension
in any sample of water .are responsible for the maintenance of these unbroken columns
of water. When water is confined in tubes of very small bore, the forces of cohestion
(the attraction between water molecules) arc so great that the strength of a column of
water compares with the strength of a. steel wire of the same diameter. This
篇2：TOEFL考试模拟题(2-2)
TOEFL考试模拟题(2-2)
READING COMPREHENSION
Question 1-10
???The agricultural revolution in the nineteenth century involved two things: the invention
of labor-saving machinery and the development of scientific agriculture. Labor-saving
machinery naturally appeared first where labor was scarce. “In Europe, said Thomas
Jefferson, ”the object is to make the most of their land, labor being abundant: here it is to
make the most of our labor, land being abundant. It was in the United States, therefore,
that the great advances in nineteenth-century agricultural machinery first came.
??? At the opening of the century, with the exception of a crude plow, farmers could have
carried practically all of the existing agricultural implements on their backs; by 1860,
most of the machinery in use today had been designed in an early form. The most
important of the early inventions was the iron plow. As early as 1790 Charles Newbold
of New Jersey had been working on the idea of a cast-iron plow and spent his entire
fortune in introducing his invention. The farmers, however, were not interested in it,
claiming that the iron poisoned the soil and made the weeds grow. Nevertheless, many
people devoted their attention to the plow, until in 1869 James Oliver of South Bend,
Indiana, turned out the first chilled-steel plow.
is the main topic of the passage?
(A) The need for agricultural advances to help feed a growing population
(B) The development of safer machines demanded by the labor movement
(C) Machinery that contributed to the agricultural revolution
(D) New Jersey as a leader in the agricultural revolution
篇3：TOEFL模拟测试题2-2
TOEFL模拟测试题（2-2）
READING COMPREHENSION
Question 1-10
???The agricultural revolution in the nineteenth century involved two things: the invention
of labor-saving machinery and the development of scientific agriculture. Labor-saving
machinery naturally appeared first where labor was scarce. “In Europe, said Thomas
Jefferson, ”the object is to make the most of their land, labor being abundant: here it is to
make the most of our labor, land being abundant. It was in the United States, therefore,
that the great advances in nineteenth-century agricultural machinery first came.
??? At the opening of the century, with the exception of a crude plow, farmers could have
carried practically all of the existing agricultural implements on their backs; by 1860,
most of the machinery in use today had been designed in an early form. The most
important of the early inventions was the iron plow. As early as 1790 Charles Newbold
of New Jersey had been working on the idea of a cast-iron plow and spent his entire
fortune in introducing his invention. The farmers, however, were not interested in it,
claiming that the iron poisoned the soil and made the weeds grow. Nevertheless, many
people devoted their attention to the plow, until in 1869 James Oliver of South Bend,
Indiana, turned out the first chilled-steel plow.
is the main topic of the passage?
(A) The need for agricultural advances to help feed a growing population
(B) The development of safer machines demanded by the labor movement
(C) Machinery that contributed to the agricultural revolution
(D) New Jersey as a leader in the agricultural revolution
word “naturally” in line 3 is closest in meaning to
(A) unsurprisingly
(B) gradually
(C) apparently
(D) safely
3. The expression “make the most of” in line 4 is closest in meaning to
(A) get the best yield from
(B) rai
篇4：TOEFL考试模拟题(2-2)
reading comprehension
question 1-10
the agricultural revolution in the nineteenth century involved two things: the invention
of labor-saving machinery and the development of scientific agriculture. labor-saving
machinery naturally appeared first where labor was scarce. “in europe, said thomas
jefferson, ”the object is to make the most of their land, labor being abundant: here it is to
make the most of our labor, land being abundant. it was in the united states, therefore,
that the great advances in nineteenth-century agricultural machinery first came.
at the opening of the century, with the exception of a crude plow, farmers could have
carried practically all of the existing agricultural implements on their backs; by 1860,
most of the machinery in use today had been designed in an early form. the most
important of the early inventions was the iron plow. as early as 1790 charles newbold
of new jersey had been working on the idea of a cast-iron plow and spent his entire
fortune in introducing his invention. the farmers, however, were not interested in it,
claiming that the iron poisoned the soil and made the weeds grow. nevertheless, many
people devoted their attention to the plow, until in 1869 james oliver of south bend,
indiana, turned out the first chilled-steel plow.
is the main topic of the passage?
(a) the need for agricultural advances to help feed a growing population
(b) the development of safer machines demanded by the labor movement
(c) machinery that contributed to the agricultural revolution
(d) new jersey as a leader in the agricultural revolution
word “naturally” in line 3 is closest in meaning to
(a) unsurprisingly
(b) gradually
(c) apparently
(d) safely
3. the expression “make the most of” in line 4 is closest in meaning to
(a) get the best yield from
(b) raise the price of
(c) exaggerate the worth of
(d) earn a living on
4. which of the following can be inferred from what thomas jefferson said (line 3-5)?
(a) europe was changing more quickly than the united states.
(b) europe had greater need of farm machinery than the united states did.
(c) the united states was finally running out of good farmland.
(d) there was a shortage of workers on united states farms.
word “here” in line 4 refers to
(a) europe
(b) united states
(c) new jersey
(d) indiana
6. what point is the author making by stating that farmers could carry nearly all their tools on
their backs.
(a) farmers had few tools before the agricultural revolution.
(b) people in the united states were traditionally self-reliant.
(c) life on the farm was extremely difficult.
(d) new tools were designed to be portable.
7. when was the iron plow invented?
(a)in 1790.
(b) in the early 1800 s.
(c) in 1869.
(d) in the early 1900 s.
8. according to the passage, which of the following statements about charles newbold is true?
(a) he was james oliver s assistant.
(b) he was born in europe.
(c) he was opposed to scientific agriculture.
(d) he spent his own money to promote his invention.
9. the word “it” in line 12 refers to
(a) scientific agriculture
(b) james oliver s invention
(c) the cast-iron plow
(d) charles newbold s fortune
10. why did farmers reject newbold s plow?
(a) their horses were frightened by it.
(b) they preferred lighter tools.
(c) it was too expensive.
(d) they thought it would ruin the land.
questions 1l-20
according to some scientists, migratory birds should be able to withstand the winter.
a bird s feathery coat is good insulation against the cold. because a bird is warm-
blooded, its body temperature always remains constant, even if the temperature of its
surroundings changes.
the factors that trigger migratory behavior in birds are difficult to explain. this
behavior seems to be instinctive, not learned. for example, many northern species leave
their summer homes while the weather is still warm and the food supply plentiful. young
arctic terns born at the arctic breeding grounds will lake off with the flock for distant
lands they have never seen.
bird migrations are probably regulated by the glandular system. scientists suspect
that the changing length of the day is the factor that triggers migratory behavior. in an
experiment, migratory birds were kept in artificially lighted rooms. it was found that
if periods of darkness were lengthened proportionately, the glands of the birds became
active. these glands secrete hormones, which are chemicals that control numerous body
functions. shorter per