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Ralf Eriksson
Economics
School of Business and Economics
Åbo Akademi University
UniPiD
Lecture 1.
Introduction and conceptual background
2025/5/7
2
Ecological Economics
The structure of the course
The course consists of 10 modules of which 9 is the actual course work and the 10th is reserved for exam
. Weeks 38-47 (5 credits)
5 credits
. the change compared to the preliminary course description!
2025/5/7
3
Ecological Economics
Course content in brief:
Introduction and the general policy perspective required by sustainability
economic growth in a historical perspective
Ethics and ecological economics
Environmental economics
sustainability conceptions and measurement within ecological economics
economics and ethics of climate change
global food security
the state of the seas on earth and locally (the Baltic Sea)
the possibility of degrowth 
. the change to the preliminary course content!
4
Ecological Economics
The Goal of the course
To give an introduction to the discipline of ecological economics
To discuss different perspectives on ecological economics problems and their solutions
2025/5/7
5
Ecological Economics
Literature
Eriksson, R. & J. O. Andersson () Elements of Ecological Economics. Routledge. (This is the main text!)
Edwards-Jones, G., B. Davies and S. Hussain () Ecological economics. An introduction. Blackwell Science, Oxford.
Common, M. & S. Stagl () Ecological Economics. An Introduction. Cambridge UP.
The reading will be specified during the course. Also other sources will be referred to/recommended.
2025/5/7
6
Ecological Economics
(One) definition:
Ecological economics is a transdisciplinary field of academic research that addresses the interdependence and co-evolution of human economies and ecosystems over time and space (Palgrave dictionary of economics)
7
Ecological economics
Another definition
“Ecological economics addresses the relationships between ecosystems and economic systems in the broadest sense. These relationships are the locus of many of our most pressing current problems (. sustainability, acid rain, global warming, species extinction, wealth distribution) but they are not well covered by any existing discipline. Environmental and resource economics, as it is currently practiced, covers only the application of neo-classical economics to the environmental and resource problems.
2025/5/7
8
Ecological economics
Ecology, as it is currently practiced, sometimes deal with human impacts on ecosystems, but the more common tendency is to stick to ’natural’ systems. Ecological economic aims to extend these modest areas of overlap. It will include neoclassical environmental economics and ecological impact studies as subsets, but will also encourage new ways to think about the linkages between ecological and economic systems.”
2025/5/7
9
Ecological economics
Ecological economics vs. Environmental economics?
Ecological
economics?
problem oriented
Pluralistic
Complexity
Strong sustainability
Pessimistic view of the capacity of the market’s capacity to handle env. problems
Environmental economics?
Method oriented
Neoclassical
Simplicity
Weak sustainability
Optimistic view of the capacity of the market’s capacity to handle env. problems
2025/5/7
10
Ecological economics