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张云奇
倒装
分类：
所有倒装：整个谓语都放在主语之前。 主语必须为名词。
Here comes the bus.
部分倒装：把助动词，情态动词，系动词提到主语之前。
Has he gone to school?
注:部分倒装主语是名词代词，无关。
1. There be 句型中，be可换成 live , lie,
stand, exist等表达状态的词。
There is a boat in the river.
There stands a temple on the top of
the hill.
2. 地点或时间副词here, there, now, then,
thus等作状语放句首，谓语多为：come,
go, follow,主语是代词时不倒装.
Now comes my turn. There he comes.
Here is a letter for you. There goes the bell.
Then followed three days of heavy rain
所有倒装
, out, down, up, back, over, away, off, east, west, south, north等作状语放在句首，用所有倒装。谓语常为come, go, walk, run, rush, fall, fly等，主语是代词时不倒装。
In came the teacher, and the lesson began.
Off went the horses.
Up went the arrow(箭) into the air.
Away they went.
4. 介词短语作地点状语放在句首，用完全倒装。
In the front of the lecture hall sat the speaker.
On the ground lay an old sick goat, which had gone into the cave to die.
On the wall hangs a portrait of Chairman Mao.
6. 直接引语的一部分或所有放在句首时，主句主语为名词，也可以所有倒装。
“It looks as if a typhoon is coming on, “ said the Captain.
5. 表语(形容词/介词短语)或分词放句首, 表强调或为了避免句子头重脚轻，使句子平衡。
Present at the meeting were young boys.
Such was the story he told me.
Hanging on the wall is a splendid painting.
Fastened to the pole is the national flag.
Gone are the days when we had nothing to eat.
Seated on the grass are a group of children.
+ 副词
only + 介词短语 放在句首时，
+ 状语从句 主句部分倒装
Only then did I realize he loved me so much.
Only in this way can you learn English well.
Only after he died did we know he was
innocent.
only + 主语放句首时，不倒装。
Only the teachers are allowed to use the room.
部分倒装
2. 否认副词或否认介词短语放句首，加强语气，主句部分倒装，如
not, never, little, seldom, rarely（几乎不）, hardly, scarcely(几乎不），nowhere,
not only…but also, not until, neither…nor,
（决不），
by no means, at no time, on no condition,
on no account，under no circumstances,
in no way
（一／刚......就......）
hardly/ scarcely….when/before,
no sooner…than
Never have I met him.
Hardly did I think it possible.
Not until midnight did it stop raining.
Scarcely had I got home when it began to rain.
No sooner had he left home than it began to rain.
Not only does he like English, but also he learns it well.
Not only I but also she likes English.
(连接主语不倒装，谓语要就近一致)
3. 频度副词often, always, once, many a time(多次，常常),now and then, every other day作状语放在句首。主句部分倒装。
Often do I tell her about my life here.
Thus（这样，因此） was the emperor cheated.
4. so/such…that句型中so+ adj/adv或such...+n放在句首，主句部分倒装。
So loudly did he speak that all of us could hear him clearly.
So angry he was that he couldn’t speak.
, neither, nor引起的部分倒装
1)在前后两个并列的句子中，后句以so, nor, neither反复前句内容时，主语是不一样的人或物，译为“……也”/也不时，用部分倒装。
句型：So/Neither/nor +助动词/情态动词/be + 主语
He has finished his work, so have I.
You can’t do it, nor can I.
If he doesn’t go, neither shall I.
2)假如主语是同一人或物，表达对上文内容的承认，译为“…..确实如此”时，不用倒装。
句型：So + 主语 + 助动词/情态动词/be
It is fine today, so it is.
He has finished the book. So he has.