文档介绍：该【cause and effect 英语说明文写作中的因果关系PPT课件一等奖新名师优质课获奖比赛公开课 】是由【读书百遍】上传分享，文档一共【25】页，该文档可以免费在线阅读，需要了解更多关于【cause and effect 英语说明文写作中的因果关系PPT课件一等奖新名师优质课获奖比赛公开课 】的内容，可以使用淘豆网的站内搜索功能，选择自己适合的文档，以下文字是截取该文章内的部分文字，如需要获得完整电子版，请下载此文档到您的设备，方便您编辑和打印。Cause
Effect
Presenter: Shell
Date: 1st, April
Questions with why are often asked and answered.
Why?
Definition
Words and phrases
Organize paragraph
relationship
Cause and Effect
Cause & Effect
Tell readers why something happened
Tell readers the results of something
Cause
Effect
effects
Therefore so
as a result,
consequently
accordingly
because of this
Thus. hence
for this reason
result in
causes
due to because of
owing to as a result of
on account of for
on the ground of
Through Because
since as
on the ground that
Transitional Words and Phrases
therefore, consequently, as a result, and for this reason 一般背面接逗号
The weather was cold; therefore, Sally closed the window. The weather was cold. Therefore, Sally put on her coat.
The weather was cold. Consequently, Sally put on her scarf.
A blizzard hit the town. As a result, the schools were closed.
Since, because 置于表达原因的句子前，句后用逗号.
Because the weather outside was cold, Sally closed the window.
so 前面的句子后加逗号
The weather was warm, so Jim turned on the air conditioner.
There are two ways of organizing paragraphs developed by cause and effect
To state an effect and devote the rest of
the paragraph to examining the causes
To state a cause and then mention or predict the effects
Example: what are the reasons for the increasing rate of car accidents?
Example: what are the results of American population getting older?
According to official statistics, more than 10,000 people in the country were killed in car accidents last year. The increasing rate of car accidents can be attributed to three general causes. Mechanical problems of cars, such as faulty brakes, bald tires, and flat tires, contribute to the high rate of car accidents. Environmental problems, such as blind corners, narrow streets, heavy fog, slippery roads cause a significant number of disasters. Such errors of human problems as excessive speed and drunken driving are considered the major factor of the fatal accidents. If drivers had been careful, many needless slaughters in car accidents could have been avoided.
The topic sentence indicates that the paragraph focuses on the causes.
A recent census reported that the American population is rapidly getting older. The aging of the nation will bring about serious effects. The most obvious effect is perhaps an economic one: how will the country bear the cost of caring for too many old people? The old are considerably more expensive to maintain. They now live mainly at home and need more services, and medical costs at present are almost twice the bill for people under 65. To support the old, the social-security system already pays more than it receives, and within a matter of four years, it will not be able to help the retired. Then, to keep the system going, working Americans will simply have to work harder and receive less pay.
Effect 1: taking care of the old costing more money
Effect 2: the social security system losing money
Effect 3: working Americans working harder but getting less pay
Four patterns of cause-effect relationship
Single-cause-single-effect pattern
Single-cause-many-effects pattern
Many-causes-single-effect pattern
Causal chain pattern