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考试用时:120分钟 满分:120分
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在
答题卡上将该项涂黑。
BKLYN House Hotel
This hotel features works by Brooklyn artists. The 116 rooms are good value and Manhattan is only 20 minutes away by taxi or subway. The immediate surroundings feel urban — the hotel is by a high-rise public housing project while the nearest commercial street is under elevated(高的)subway tracks 一 but Bushwick\ best bars and cafes / restaurants are nearby・
Doubles from $99, room only. Tel: 718 388 4433
Archer Hotel
Visitors eager to stay in the heart of Manhattan should try one of the bargain-priced rooms at this hotel. Rates vary from great value to expensive; some start from as low as $179 a night (if prepaying in full). Rooms are small but tasteful, with nice touches such as exposed brick・ Some have close-up views of the Empire State Building.
Doubles from $199, room only. Tel: 212 719 4100
Pod 39 Hotel
In an elegant brick building in Manhattan's Murray Hill, this excellent budget option opened following the success of its sister hotel, The Pod. The rooms are called pods given for their small size and may not suit everyone. But with prices among the most competitive in Manhattan, budgeters will be happy・
Doubles from $95, room only. Tel: 212 865 5700
CitizenM New York Times Square
This is the first US location for a Netherlands-based concept hotel chain 一 CitizenM. The hotel features self check-in at its 230 little but comfortable rooms via touch screen "MoodPadst There\ a rooftop bar, a 24-hour grab-and-go cafeteria and an area with public iMac workspaces・ Although New Yorkers avoid nearby Times Square, all the lights, cameras and action can make it a fun tourist experience ・
Doubles from $170, room only. Tel: 212 319 7000
1 ・ What can we know about BKLYN House Hotel?
It has the most rooms. B. It is located in Manhattan.
It is Bushwick^s best hotel・ D・ If is decorated with some art works.
What is the advantage of living in CitizenM New York Times Square?
Regulars can enjoy a certain discount.
Visitors will get a "MoodPads^ as a gift.
C・ Visitors can enjoy themselves in a rooftop ba匚
Visitors can have a good view of the Empire State Building・
Which hotel might attract those who have a tight budget?
Archer Hotel. B. Pod 39 Hotel.
BKLYN House Hotel. D. CitizenM New York Times Square.
Which number should you call if you want to live in the heart of Manhattan?
212319 7000. 388 4433.
C. 212 865 5700. D. 212719 4100.
【答案】 2. C 3. B 4. D
【解析】木文介绍了纽约的几家便宜旅馆，包括其价格、特点以及周边的环境等。
D 细节理解题。根据文章 This hotel features works by Brooklyn 以布鲁克林艺术家的作品为特色。D项符合文意，故选D。
C 细节理解题。根据文章 There's a rooftop bar, a 24-hour grab-and-go cafeteria and an area with public iMac ，一个24小时的自助餐厅和一 个有公共iMac工作区的区域。T1J*知居住在CitizenM New York Times Square的优势 是这有一个屋顶酒吧，故选C。
B 细节理解题。根据文章 But with prices among the most competitive in Manhattan, budgeters will be ，预算者将会很高兴。可 知Pod 39 Hotel对于预算比较紧的人有吸引力。故选B。
D 细节理解题。根据文章 Visitors eager to stay in the heart of Manhattan should try one of the bargain-priced rooms at this hotel •渴望住在曼哈顿市中 的游客应该去这家酒店的廉价房间，可知Archer Hotel位于曼哈顿市中心,Tel: 212 719 4100 电话是 212 719 4100 ,故选 D。
点睛：这篇文章是关于纽约几个旅馆的信息的。问题主要是细节理解题，只要认 真阅读文章，明确定位，就可以确定答案。
B
The popular smartphone application Instagram（照片分享）has changed the way we look at photography, even our world・ The photo-worthy moments we share serve as an important function in cultivating the photographic artistic eye.
Instagram has got people to start noticing the art in their everyday life. It has also allowed us to share the artful moments in our lives with others. Clearly, making people focus on beautiful moments in their lives and how to share them is a positive takeaway from Instagram.
Not only has Instagram changed the way we look at things around us, but it has also changed the way people view professional photography. Instagram has turned everyone with a smartphone into an artist. Opening up art to the general community is a groundbreaking（仓ij新的）aspect of this application. Making artistic attempts accessible for everyone to discover their artistic talents and explore creatively is something that has made people find the beauty in the everyday life. However, this accessibility has also created questioning around art and respect deserved by professional photography.
The art in a professional photograph versus（与•…对抗）an Instagram can sometimes be hard to notice at a quick glance. But photographs taken by true professional photographers hold something that Instagram^s cannot match in terms of photographic quality, or advanced compositional knowledge ・
This is not to say In stagram is a lesser art. Aesthetic qualities of art are a personal matter and how good an artwork is depends on personal preferences. Good is a very arbitrary term in the art world. For example, I may find one photo more pleasing than another, but not everyone has to agree with me.
The point I am trying to make is that professional photography should not be lost, but instead approached with a new, enhanced level of respect and admiration — despite how accessible, common
and fun Instagram now makes the taking and sharing of photos・
What does the writer mainly tell us in the passage?
The increasing popularity of Instagram.
The advantages and disadvantages of Instagram.
The changes that Instagram brings us.
The differences between Instagram and professional photography・
What can the smartphone application Instagram do?
Help people to discover true self.
Inspire people to find the beauty in life.
Encourage people to be more competitive.
Let people gain others' respect and admiratiori・
Why do people begin to doubt the art of professional photography?
Because common people can take perfect photos easily・
Because they show no respect for professional photographers.
Because the artistic level of professional photography is reducing.
Because Instagram has changed the way people look at the world・
What does the writer think of professional photography?
Useful. B. Valueless.
C. Helpless. D. Absurd ・
【答案】 7. A &A
【解析】这篇文章主要讲了图片分享应用给我们的生活带來许多变化，智能手机中的图片分 享应用能够激发人们寻找生活中的美，普通人也可以拍出很漂亮的照片，但是作者认为专业 摄影还是非常有用的。
主旨大意题。根据 The popular smartphone appl icat io n I ns tagram （照片分享）has changed the way we look at photography, even our Not only has Instagram changed the way we look at things around us, but it has also changed the way people view professional 来许多变化，所以选C。
细节理解题。根据 Making artistic attempts accessible for everyone to discover their artistic talents and explore creatively is something that has made people find the
beauty in the everyday. nJ'知车?能手机中的图片分享应用能够激发人们寻找生活中的美，所 以选B。
7・ 细节理仰乍题。 根据 Instagram has turned everyone with a smartphone into an artist. 以及 However, this accessibi 1 i ty has also created quest io ning around art and respect deserved by professional 容易就拍出完美的照片，所以选A。
8・ 推理判断题。根据 But photo graphs taken by t rue professional photographers hold something that Instagram? s cannot match in terms of photographic quality, or advaneed compositional knowledge・ 以及 The point I am trying to make is that professional photography should not be lost, but instead approached with a new, enhaneed level of respect and admiration — despite how accessible, common and fun Instagram now makes the taking and sharing of ，所以选A。
C
Teaching can be one of the most satisfying jobs in the United States. Yet many American teachers say they feel overworked, undervalued, and underpaid・ This has led to what education experts call “teacher burnoutT a feeling of mental, physical, and emotional exhaustion.
In all, nearly 50 percent of American teachers leave the profession before their fifth year. That information comes from a 2010 study by the advisory service McKinsey & Company.
And, a 2016 study from Penn State University found that 46 percent of teachers report high daily stress. Teachers say the stress affects their sleep, health, teaching performance, and quality of life. The study identified mindfulness training as one promising solution for improving teacher well-being.
The Greater Good Science Center at the University of California — Berkeley studies the scienee and practice of well-being・ It defines mindfulness as keeping “a moment-by-moment awareness of our thoughts, feelings, bodily sensations, and surrounding environment：
A person can reach this emotional state by spending time in quiet thought, without judging these thoughts and feelings. A number of people also meditate — they take slow, deep breaths to become calm.
Many organizations around the country have designed mindfulness training programs for schools.
Some of them are designed for teachers. The programs seek to reduce teacher stress while helping them be more effective in the classroom.
Maureen Naughton is a seventh grade science teacher at a public middle school in the Bronx section of New York City. As a highly active teacher, Naughton would sometimes forget to take time to herself. But after the programs she shared the methods such as mindful walking and mindful eating
——ways of enjoying those activities fully instead of being distracted by worries or responsibilities.
Naughton also said the deep breathing methods help her to maintain calm when faced with the stress of tiying to “meet everyone，s needs?9
What does "teacher burnouf, in Paragraph 1 mean?
A condition of happiness and sorrow・
B・ A situation of physical exercise・
C・ A feeling of mental, physical, and emotional tiredness.
[). A feeling of mental, physical, and emotional relaxation.
What do mindfulness training programs designed for teachers try to do?
A・ They try to make teachers take slow, deep breaths to become calm・
They try to reduce teacher stress to help teachers be more effective when teaching.
C・ They try to make teachers enjoy those activities fully.
[).They try to make teachers spend time in quiet thought, without judging these thoughts and feelings.
What can we infer from Naughton^ words?
The deep breathing methods are a good way to let her keep calm when faced with stress・
She dislikes the deep breathing methods.
Don't be distracted by worries or possibilities.
[). Enjoy all kinds of activities carefully.
【答案】9. C 10. B 11. A
【解析】文章讲述了美国一些教师感到工作压力很大，从而产生了 “教师职业倦 怠”。并介绍了几种缓解压力的方法。
C 词义推测题。根据第一段最后一句 This has led to what education experts call “teacher burnout,'' a feeling of mental, physical, and emotional exhaustion. 这导致了 教育专家所称的“教师职业倦怠”，一种精神、身体和情感上的疲惫感。可知"teacher burnout是 a feeling of mental, physical, and emotional exhaustion, 故选 C。
B 细节理解题。根据文章 The programs seek to reduce teacher stress while helping
them be more effective in the ,同时帮助他 们在课堂上更有效。可知B项符合文意，故选B。
A 推理判断题。根据文章最后 Naughton also said the deep breathing methods help her to maintain calm when faced with the stress of trying to “meet everyone^ needs：诺 顿述说，深呼吸的方法帮助她在面对“满足每个人的需求"的压力时保持冷静。可知 而对压力时，深呼吸也是一种好的方法。故选A。
D
New mercuFy（汞）threat to oceans from climate change
Rising temperatures could boost mercury levels in fish by up to seven times the current rates, said Swedish researchers in an article published in Science Journal. They've discovered warming increases levels of the toxin （毒素）in sea creatures・ In experiments, they found that extra rainfall drives up the amount of organic material flowing into the seas・ This alters the food chain, adding another layer of complex organisms which boosts the concentrations of mercury up the line.
Mercury is one of the world's most toxic metals, and according to the World Health Organization, is one of the top ten threats to public health. The substance at high levels has been linked to damage to the nervous system, paralysis and mental impairment in children.
The most common form of exposure to mercury is by eating fish