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新概念英语第2册重点内容Lesson43
重要句型或语法
1、can与be able to的用法
本课侧重的是区分can与be able to的用法。can表示“能够或可以”，也可以表示否定猜测，采用can’t的形式。be able to表示“得以”，往往表示经过努力之后。
2、含有at的介词短语
1)at first，首先
2)at once，立即
3)at home，在家里
4)at present，目前
5)at school，在学校
6)at last，最后
7)at any rate，不管怎么说
8)at heart，本质上
9)at least，至少
10)at times，有时
11)at a loss，不知所措
主要语言点
In 1929, three years after his flight over the North Pole, the American explorer, R. E. Byrd, successfully flew over the South Pole for the first time. 1)three years after his flight over the North Pole用作1929的同位语，补充说明在这一年发生的事情。the North Pole，北极，注意首字母要大写。 2)R. E. Byrd用作explorer的同位语。注意英语里的名字经常可以缩略为大写首字母，右下角加上句点，但姓氏一般不能缩略。 3)successfully，源自succeed，名词为success。 4)the South Pole，南极。 5)for the first time，首次、第一次。
Though, at first, Byrd and his men were able to take a great many photographs of the mountains that lay below, they soon ran into serious trouble. 1)at first，起初、一开始。与后面的soon形成先后顺序的呼应。 2)take photographs，拍照。 3)a great many，许多、大量。只能用来修饰可数名词。 4)mountain，山脉。注意与hill(丘陵)的区别。 5)lie，位于。其过去式和过去分词分别为lay和lain。注意当lie表示撒谎时，其过去式和过去分词都是lied。 6)run into，遇到、陷入。后面一般都接difficulty或trouble等表示问题或麻烦的词语。 7)serious，严重的。
At one point, it seemed certain that their plane would crash. 1)at one point，在某个地方。 2)it seems certain that...，可以作为常用句型来用，表示什么事情似乎肯定会发生。 3)crash，坠毁。
It could only get over the mountains if it rose to 10,000 feet. 1)get over，超越、越过。 2)rise to+高度，表示上升到什么高度。
Byrd at once ordered his men to throw out two heavy food sacks. 1)at once在此提前到ordered前面，既可以起到强调作用，又可以避免放到句末引起歧义，让读者误以为at once是用来修饰throw out的。 2)order sb. to do sth.，命令某人做某事。 3)throw out，扔出去。 4)sack，袋子。一般是指纸袋或塑料袋。
The plane was then able to rise and it cleared the mountains by 400 feet. 1)rise，爬升。 2)clear，越过。相当于fly over。 3)by 400 feet，在山脉上空400英尺处。
Byrd now knew that he would be able to reach the South Pole which was 300 miles away, for there were no more mountains in sight. 1)reach，到达。相当于get to或arrive at。 2)注意本句话中的which引导的是限定性定语从句，用来修饰先行词the South Pole。但是，因为the South Pole具有性，所以只能被非限定性定语从句修饰，所以应该要在Pole后面加上逗号，使得which引导的从句变为非限定性的定语从句。 3)for，因为。它引导的句子是并列句，表原因，只能放在后面，不能位于句首。 4)no more，相当于not...any more。 5)in sight，视线所及。
The aircraft was able to fly over the endless white plains without difficulty. 1)aircraft，飞机。相当于plane。 2)endless，无边无际的、无尽的。源自end，-less是常见的否定后缀。 3)plain，平原。注意与plateau(高原)的区别。 4)without difficulty，毫不费力地、轻松地。
新概念英语第2册重点内容Lesson44
重要句型或语法
1、动名词
与第20课侧重
“动词+动名词”的用法不同的是，本课新增了“介词+动名词”、同一动词后接不定式和动名词、主动表被动的用法。如：
Both men started running through the trees.
The strap needs mending.
I am very keen on cycling.
He sat there without saying anything.
I must apologize for not letting you know earlier.
They continued to run. vs. They continued running.
I’d love to sit in the garden. vs. I love sitting in the garden when it’s fine.
2、结果状语从句
本课里出现了so/such...that...引导的结果状语从句，如：
Mrs. Sterling got so angry that she ran after them.
The men got such a fright that they dropped the bag and ran away.
课文主要语言点
Mrs. Anne Sterling did not think of the risk she was taking when she ran through a forest after two men. 1)think of，想到。注意与think about(思考的区别。 2)注意she was taking是先行词the risk的定语从句，中间省略了关系代词that或which。 3)take a risk，冒险。注意risk也可以作为动词，表示冒险，如：risk doing sth.，冒险做某事;risk one
’s life for sth.，为了某事冒着生命的危险。 4)注意在when she ran through a forest after two men中，ran后面原本应该先紧接after two men的，因为run after是固定搭配，表示追赶。但是，作者却在中间插入了through a forest，这是出于对下一句话衔接的需要，因为作者想要表达的重点就是two men，下一句话的开头中的they指的就是two men。 5)through a forest，穿过森林。注意从某地方内部或里面穿过，一般用through，如果从某地方表面穿过，一般用across。
They had rushed up to her while she was having a picnic at the edge of a forest with her children and tried to steal her handbag. 1)可提问学生为什么此处的rush要采用过去完成时(因为这句话是基于上一句话的过去时间来讲的，rush的动作发生在think of之前，即过去的过去)。 2)rush up to sb.，向某人冲过去。 3)have a picnic，野餐。注意picnic的发音，第一个c会发生爆破音的消失现象;此外，picnic也可以用作动词，其现在分词为picnicking。 4)at the edge of，在...边缘。 5)注意区分try to do(努力做)与try doing(尝试做)的区别。 6)注意steal(偷)与rob(抢)的区别。注意steal的过去式和过去分词为stole何stolen。
In the struggle, the strap broke and, with the bag in their possession, both men started running through the trees. 1)struggle，挣扎、斗争。 2)with the bag in their possession在此用作插入语，表示伴随。这是一种独立主格结构，即
“with+名词+介词短语”的结构。 3)possession是possess的名词。in one’s possession，拥有、掌握。 4)start to do和start doing用法差不多，但要注意动名词一般表示动作会持续下去，而不定式则只表示动作的开始。
Mrs. Sterling got so angry that she ran after the them. 1)注意so...that...引导的结果状语从句，so用来修饰形容词或副词。 2)注意get angry与be angry相比，动作含义更强，所以作者采用了get angry的表达，来突出Mrs. Sterling非常生气。
She was soon out of breath, but she continued to run. 1)out of breath，上气不接下气、急喘气。 2)continue to do和continue doing意思和用法都差不多，表示继续做某事。
When she caught up with them, she saw that they had sat down and were going through the contents of the bag, so she ran straight at them. 1)catch up with，追上、赶上。 2)注意因为saw是过去式，所以其宾语从句的谓语动词sit采用了过去完成时的用法。 3)go through，翻看、查看。 4)content，内容、物品、目录。 5)run straight at sb.，径直朝某人跑去。
The men got such a fright that they dropped the bag and ran away. 1)注意such...that...引导的结果状语从句，such用来修饰名词。 2)fright，害怕，用作名词。其动词形式为frighten。 3)drop，丢弃、丢掉。注意其过去式要双写p再加ed。 4)run away，逃跑。
The strap needs mending,
’ said Mrs. Sterling later, ‘but they did not steal anything.’ 1)注意本句中的sth need doing，是主动表被动的用法，相当于sth. need to be done。类似的用法有：sth. want doing，但此时的want doing不能改为want to be done的用法。 2)mend，修理、修补。
新概念英语第2册重点内容Lesson45
重要句型或语法
复习
本课为复习课，主要复习第10、第21和第34课中的重点语法内容
——被动语态。其中，第10课侧重的是不同时态中的被动语态的用法，第21课侧重的是情态动词与被动语态的连用，第34课侧重的是be done to do的用法。如：This bridge was built in 1942. / I must be paid for this. / I was told to wait for him.
课文主要语言点
1)The whole village soon learnt that a large sum of money had been lost. 1)the whole village，整个村庄。
2)learn，学习、得知。当表示“学习”时，其过去式和过去分词多为learned，而当表示“得知”时，其过去式和过去分词多为learnt。
3)a sum of，一笔。一般后接money。
4)可提问学生为什么be lost要用过去完成时。另外，要注意的是，此处的lost是形容词化的过去分词。
Sam Benton, the local butcher, had lost his wallet while taking his savings to the post office.
1)the local butcher，当地的肉铺老板。该短语在句中用逗号隔开，作为Sam Benton的同位语，补充说明其身份。 local，当地的。
2)注意taking his savings to the post office中的taking...其实是省略结果，其完整形式为while he was taking。之所以能够省略，是因为前后两句话的主语是相同的，都是the butcher。
3)注意savings一定要用s形式才能表存款。 4)注意给学生介绍，邮局也有储蓄功能，即便在没有邮储银行之前，邮局也有过储蓄的功能。所以，课文里会说到the butcher带着储蓄去邮局的情节。
Sam was sure that the wallet must have been found by one of the villagers, but it was not returned to him.
1)be sure that...，肯定...。that后接宾语从句。
2)return sth. to sb.，把某物归还某人。
Three months passed, and then one morning, Sam found his wallet outside his front door.
1)
“时间段+passed, and then...”可以用作常用句型，表示“过了多长时间后，事情发生了。
2)注意区分passed(动词，经过)和past(介词，经过)。
It had been wrapped up in newspaper and it contained half of the money he had lost, together with a note which said: ‘A thief, yes, but only 50 percet a thief!’
1)wrap up，打包、包裹。
2)contain，包含、含有。
3)注意he had lost用作money的定语从句，中间省略了that/which。
4)together with sb.，与某人一起。
5)which said...用作note的定语，注意said表示
“写着”。
6)per cent，百分之...。注意也可以连起来写作：percent。
Two months later, some more money was sent to Sam with another note" ‘Only 25 per cent a thief now!’
1)时间段+later，多少时间之后。
2)another，另一个、在一个。也可以后接附复数可数名词。
In time, all Sam’s money was paid back in this way.
1)in time，最后、终于。
2)pay back，偿还。
The last note said: "I am 100 per cent honest now!" honest，诚实的。注意honest的h不发音。