文档介绍：胸外伤
Incidence and mortality发生率和死亡率:
Chest trauma accounts for 8% occurrences of total traumatic cases, more than 25% of death caused by trauma.
Incidence proportion
Mortality proportion
胸外伤概况
胸外伤病因
rating trauma贯穿伤
Blunt trauma
钝挫伤
车祸伤
坠落伤
挤压伤
刀刺伤
火器伤
Results from ic energy forces
Blast(爆破伤)
Pressure wave causes tissue disruption
Tear blood vessels & disrupt alveolar tissue
Disruption of tracheobronchial tree
Traumatic diaphragm rupture
Crush (Compression)(挤压伤)
Body pressed between an object and a hard surface
Direct injury of chest wall and internal structures
Deceleration(减速伤)
Body in motion strikes a fixed object
Blunt trauma to chest wall
Internal structures continue in motion
Ligamentum Arteriosum shears aorta
Blunt Trauma
压力波造成组织破坏 撕裂血管,破坏肺泡组织 破坏气管支气管树
创伤性膈肌破裂
胸外伤病理生理
Low Energy
Arrows, knives, handguns
Injury caused by direct contact and cavitation
High Energy
Military, hunting rifles & high powered hand guns
Extensive injury due to high pressure cavitation
rating Trauma
Tracheobronchial tree lacerations
Esophageal lacerations
rating cardiac injuries
Pericardial tamponade
Spinal cord injuries
Diaphragm trauma
Intra-abdominal ration with an injury
气管支气管树裂伤 食管裂伤 穿透性心脏损伤 心包填塞 脊髓损伤 膈肌损伤伤 腹腔内脏器损伤
穿透伤合并损伤
胸外伤详细分类及病理生理改变
Chest wall contusions or hematomas 胸壁挫伤或血肿
Rib fractures 肋骨骨折 Flail chest 连枷胸 Sternal fractures 胸骨骨折 Fractures of the shoulder girdle 肩胛带骨折
Injuries to the chest wall
Contusion
Dyspnea
Pain on breathing
Hypoventilation
Crepitus
Paradoxical chest wall motion
呼吸困难 呼吸疼痛 通气不足 捻发音 胸壁反常运动