文档介绍：动词不定式
结构: to do
(否定) not to do
二. 时态与语态
主动语态
被动语态
一般式
不定式
to do
to be done
1. 作主语
2. 作宾语
3. 作宾语补足语
4. 作定语
5. 作状语
6. 作表语
7. 作独立成分
8. 与疑问词等连用
三. 用法/ 功能
To see is to believe.
It’s important to learn .
(1). 主语
不定式作主语时,往往放在谓语之后,
用it作形式主语.
My job to help the patient.
Your task to clean the classroom.
is
is
(2). 表语
I want to go home.
I found it necessary to talk to him again.
(3) 宾语
think/ consider/ find it + adj.+ to do
常用动词不定式作宾语的动词有:
hope, refuse, learn, choose,
decide, agree, manage,plan.
The teacher told me to clean the blackboard.
I expect you to give me some help.
(4). 宾补
二看
watch
see
三使
let
make
have
一听:
hear
四注意:
feel
warn, tell, allow, help, ask, 等
notice
五感觉:
I made him do his work.
He was made to do his work (by me).
不定式用在介词but, except, besides
后时,如果这些介词前有行为动词do,does,
did,done形式时,那么介词后的不定式不
带to,
相反则带to.
(1). What do you like to do besides sleep .
(2). She does nothing but cry every day.
(3).I have no choice but to go
I have something to say.
He has a lot of homework to do .
He is looking for a room to live in .
There is nothing to worry about.
(5). 定语
(如果不定式中的动词是不及物动词,
则不定式中要有介词.)
1、不定式作定语时,应放在被修饰词的后面
例如:
(1)我有很多工作要做。
I have a lot of work to do.
(2)他总是第一个来。
He is always the first e.
(3)我们都有上大学的机会
We all have a chance to go to college.
2. 不定式所修饰的名词是不定式动作的工具等,即使是及物动词,不定式后面仍须有相应的介词。
3. 不定式所修饰的名词如果是time, place或way,不定式后面的介词****惯上要省去。
他没钱没地方住。
He had no money and no place to live.
请给我一支写字的笔.
Please give me a pen to write with.
(这里pen是write的工具,with是”用“)