文档介绍：非谓语动词
在英语中,不是用作句子的谓语而是担任其它语法功能的动词叫非谓语动词。非谓语动词有3种:不定式,动名词和分词。
不定式
不定式由“to do”构成,其否定式“not to do”。不定式可带宾语或状语构成不定式短语, 没有人称和数的变化,但有语态的变化,不定式可作主,宾,定,状,补,表,不能单独作谓语。
一. 不定式的用法
1 作主语
To see is to believe.
It is right to give up smoking.
2 作表语
My job is to teach English.
3 作宾语
He wanted to go.
I find it hard to work with him.
We could do nothing but wait.
We have no choice but to wait.
can’t choose but do, can’t help but do, can’t but do
常见用不定式作宾语的动词:
want, wish, like, decide, help, ask, agree, afford, arrange, care, determine, fail, guarantee, hesitate, hope, hurry, manage, offer, pretend, promise, seek, prepare, refuse, swear, expect, plan, would like, make up one’s mind, be determined
4 作补语
He asked me to open the door.
常见用不定式作宾补的动词:
advise, allow, permit, forbid, ask, beg, caue, encourage, expect, force, get, invite, like, order, peruade, prefer, require, teach, tell, want, warn, wish, consider
practice:
* 在感官动词feel, hear, listen to, see, look, notice, watch, observe, overhear(偷听)和使役动词make, let, have等后的补语中, 不定式不带to, 但这些句子变成
被动结构时, 就必须带to
I often hear him sing the song.
He is often heard to sing the song.
5 作定语
He is looking for a room to live in.
There’s nothing to worry about.
但不定式所修饰的名词如果是time, place或way, 不定式后面的介词****惯上要省去。
We had no money and no place to live.
不定式作定语的用法:
(1) 用来修饰被序数词,最高级或all, no, any等限定的词
. He was the best man to d