文档介绍：GLOBE INTERNATIONAL
G8 ILLEGAL LOGGING DIALOGUE
Finance Working Group
BACKGROUND PAPER
POLICY OPTIONS FOR INNOVATIVE FINANCING OF SFM
May 2007
Michael Richards & Michael Jenkins
Forest Trends
Washington DC, USA
SUMMARY LIST OF POLICY OPTIONS
Policy Option 1: Development of country level Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD) Programmes
Development of national carbon infrastructure and institutional basis for REDD
Research on causes of deforestation and development of a cost-effective REDD plan
Piloting and designing micro-level incentive strategies
Policy, legal and institutional reforms
Up-front funding of REDD programmes
Support for equitable REDD es
Policy Option 2: Development of robust carbon methodologies and standards
Methodologies and standards for 'charismatic' forest carbon
Towards 'permanent' forest carbon credits
Policy Option 3: Pro-poor ecosystem service payments (PES)
'Fair trade' PES or carbon payments munity conservation
Carbon credits from agroforestry and small plantations
PES for certified small and medium forest enterprises (SMFEs), munity forest enterprises (CFEs)
Ecocertified agroforestry or agricultural products
Carbon soil fund for Africa
Pro-poor eco-tourism
Policy Option 4. Bridging the 'incentives gap' of certified forest management
Multiple assets and e for certified enterprises including PES
Support for domestic regulatory incentives for certified forest management
ODA support for national producer groups
Policy Option 5: Coordination between multilateral environmental agreements (MEAs) for bundled PES
Creation of trading platforms for ecosystem services
Pilots, institutions, methodologies and standards
Policy Option 6: Promotion of payments for watershed protection services
Establishing a supportive policy, regulatory and institutional basis
Improving the scientific basis for watershed PES
Climate change adaptation funding for upper munities
Policy Option 7: Regu