文档介绍：第一讲 音标
一、英语中共有48个音标 
二、元音:发音时气流不受阻碍。元音分为单元音和双元音两类。 
单元音发音时唇形和舌位不变;双元音发音时由一个元音向另一个 元音滑动,唇形和舌位有一个变化过程,且前重后轻,前长后短。  
[i:] sea, he, see, piece
[i] sit, build, miss, myth
3) [e] bed, desk, head,
[æ] bad, land, bank, stamp
[a:] car, fast, class, plant, calm, aunt
[ɔ] hot, want
7) [ɔ:] door, more, sport, ball, warm, author, court, bought, caught
8) [u:] good, who, blue, soup,
[u ] look, put, women, could
[Λ] cup, come, blood, rough
[ә:] girl, work, serve, nurse
[ә]  ago, forget, polite, dollar, doctor, famous, Saturday   
[ei]  cake, they, play, eight, great,  
14) [ai]  bike, die, neither, light,  try, find, eye   
15) [әu]  phone, cold, boat, soul, grow   
16) [au]  house, town 
17) [ɔi] boy, oil
18) [iә] dear, idea, deer, here, fierce,
19) [εә] pear, care, there, fair
20) [uә] tour, poor
三、辅音:发音时气流受到阻碍。辅音分为清辅音和浊辅音两类。 
清辅音发音时声带不振动;浊辅音发音时声带振动。 
[p] pen, pencil , point, pupil, people
2) [b] bed, comb, bread, bring, broke, buy
3) [t] tell, tea , team , teacher, tennis
4) [d] day, played, wanted, desk, duck, do
5) [k] cold, sky, quick, school, back, accept,
[g] big, go, guess, language, glass, grass
[m] man, many, more, monkey, money, may
8) [n] nine, knife, autumn, nice, not, nose
[η] bank, English, sing, thing, think
10) [l] land, world, lots, leaf, lovely, listen
11) [r] read, write, red, repeat, wrong, ring
[f] f