文档介绍：4、转换法
Men are not against you. They are merely for themselves.
翻译过程中,由于两种语言在语法和表达****惯上的差异,我们有时必须改变原文某些词语的词类或句子成分才能有效地传达原文的准确意思。
汉语是一种动词显著的语言,因此英译汉的词类转换最重要的一项就是将英语的各种词类转换成汉语的动词。此外词类转换也包括各种词类转换成名词、形容词、副词等操作技巧。句子成分的转换包括主语与宾语之间的相互转换;主语转换成谓语、状语等。
转换成动词
Families upstairs have to carry pails to the hydrant downstairs for water.
住在楼上的人家得提着水桶去楼下的水龙头打水。
1. The sight and sound of our jet planes filled me with special longing.
看到我们的喷气式飞机,听见隆隆的机声,我感到心驰神往。
名词转换成动词
2. Rockets have found application for the exploration of the universe.
火箭已被用来探索宇宙。
Party officials worked long hours on meager food, in cold caves, by dim lamps.
党的干部每天长时间工作,吃的是粗茶淡饭,住的是冰冷的窑洞,点的是黯淡的油灯。
介词转换成动词
2.“Coming!” Away she skimmed over the lawn, up the path, up the steps, across the verandah, and into the porch.
“来了!”她转身蹦跳着越过草地,跑上小径,跨上台阶,穿过凉台,进了门廊。
形容词转换成动词
许多英语形容词做表语表示人的感觉,意志,愿望等,它们常翻译成汉语的动词。如:confident, certain,careful, cautious, angry, sure, ignorant, afraid, doubtful, aware, concerned, glad, delighted, sorry, ashamed, thankful, anxious, grateful, able, etc.
have said that they are not sure they can save his life.
医生不敢肯定能否救得了他的命。
2. The fact that she was able to send a message was a hint. But I had to be cautious.
她能够给我带个信儿这件事就是个暗示,但我必须小心谨慎。