文档介绍：大纲要求考生能写出不同类型的应用文,并能够:
1)做到语法、拼写、标点正确, 用词恰当;
2)遵循文章的特定文体格式;
3)合理组织文章结构,使其内容统一、连贯;
4)根据写作目的和特定读者,恰当选用语域。
缩进式
Dear Kate,
I wonder if you can lend me your MLA Handbook for Academic Writing. I am in the process of writing my graduation thesis, and need to consult the book now and then for standard formatting. Thus I might need to keep the book for about a month and a half, and I hope that would not bring any inconvenience to you. I assure you that I will maintain the book in good condition.
If possible, please give me a call and I e by your house to pick up the book. Thanks a lot.
Yours,
Judy
齐头式
Dear Kate,
I wonder if you can lend me your MLA Handbook for Academic Writing. I am in the process of writing my graduation thesis, and need to consult the book now and then for standard formatting. Thus I might need to keep the book for about a month and a half, and I hope that would not bring any inconvenience to you. I assure you that I will maintain the book in good condition.
If possible, please give me a call and I e by your house to pick up the book. Thanks a lot.
Yours,
Judy
书信的结构
英文的书信结构通常包括6个组成部分:
信头(heading,包括寄信人地址和日期)
信内地址(inside address,指收信人地址)
称呼(salutation)
正文(body)
plimentary)
签名(signature)
有时候还包括附言(postscript)和附件(attachment)。
No. 5, Yiheyuan Road
Beijing, 100971, 信头
Mar. 12, 2007
Professor John Smith
13 Broadway Avenue 信内地址
San Francisco
California 93011
Dear Prof. Smith, 称呼
I am very glad to hear from you.
……正文
……
Yours sincerely, 结束语
Judy 签名
P. S.: ……附言
称呼:
称呼是书信的开头部分,是写信人对收信人的称谓。无论是私人信件、还是公务信件,一般都以“Dear”作为开头引出收信人的姓名和头衔。称呼的后面一般都要求加逗号。
在私人信件中,如果写信人与收信人关系比较亲密,则称呼可以比较随意,一般都是“Dear”后面直接加人名,如“Dear Anna, Dear Tom”等;或者“Dear”后面加长辈的称呼,如“Dear Papa, Dear Aunt”;如果关系不是非常亲密,则要称呼对方的姓,写做“Dear Mr. Smith, Dear Mrs. Smith, Dear Miss Smith, Dear Ms Smith”。注意,在不知道女士的婚嫁状况的时候,宜用“Ms.”。
在公务信件中,一般的称呼格式是在收信人头衔后加姓,或者加收信人全名。要特别注意收信人的头衔。具体称呼方式及缩写如下:
男士:Mr.
女士:Mrs., Ms., Miss
教授/博士:Prof./Dr.
市长、法官、议员或其他高官:Hon. (Honorable,即“尊敬的”)