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Although the central shrine in Qal';H Si'man probably rem;lined un•
roofed (Guyer 1934; Krencker (939), so that its original ch aracter as ~ squa re
with fi)ur ~tredS le:1Jing into it might remain vi ~ ihk. the tomb be•
ca me .1 true pnrt of the ch urch. The oldest rem;linillg parts of the tomb of St.
John stood as a square build ing in the center of a cruciform nrrangcment su r•
rounded by the fou r in~erted SUppOrTs oftht crossing. O nlY'1 slll;l ll srep \\,;1$
nece~sary fur tllese slowly :lCCllll1ulating parts to bt refkcted within;l unifled
whole. such ;I S the cruciform chu rch in Salona (Gerber lSI! 1:120) :md the
basilicas of Nikopolis (Sore riou 194°:372) and Alxll!onia (Guyer ' 95°:9 1fr ).
Here we arc already dealing with buildings inlluelln:d by the concept of the
cruciform church where the cupula-crowned centerpiece. resembling a h:d •
dachin, is sct in the center of a basilicl :llre:ldy shaped like a cross.
This tendency nf the h,11d:lChin to centralize, to mark rhe focu s of :llIen•
tinn, and to gather potentially disp<l rate deme:nts Wget her and UBi fy Ihe m also
had an effecl on the COnrinLlOl15 RomJn trJ!lSept. The rateJ supports of
the triumphal arch marking the ent ry inlo the Ihrone hall (on the: we:st sid.: I)f
the crossing) found a response in the arch of the apse faci ng it (o n the eas! side
of the crossing). The columns in San Paolo fllon Je mura, SI. Juhn .
and $:mt' Anast<lsi;l ill Rome were still frecst;lI1dillg ones (Kralltheimer
1942a:flg. 4H and 0). Lnter the:}' fused wiTh tht: massive pillars to fo rm en •
gaged columns, the form what W:1 .~ ht'nce