文档介绍：非谓语动词讲解
Nonfinite Verbs
非谓语动词
ing分词
现在分词
过去分词
动词不定式
1 The teachers sitting there are
from other schools.
表语
2 We saw some teachers sitting there.
宾语补足语
3 We need to be active in class.
宾语
谓语
宾语
主语
定语
连系动词
划分句子成分
非谓语动词大都可在句中作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语等.
see you is glad.
=It’s glad to see you.
want to see you.
want him to see you.
hope is to see you.
is the man to see you.
’m glad to see you.
went to see you.
went so early as to see you
(作主语)
(作宾语)
(作宾补)
(作表语)
(作定语)
(作原因状语)
(作目的状语)
(作结果状语)
is his favourite sport.
enjoys swimming.
found him swimming in the river.
favourite sport is swimming.
is the man swimming in the river just now.
17. Swimming in Summer ,we can get cool.
(作主语)
(作宾语)
(作宾补)
(作表语)
(作状语)
(作定语)
动词不定式
To do that sort of thing is foolish。
I want to see you this evening
All you have to do is to finish it quickly.
We found a house to live in.
She came here to study English.
I warned the patient not to eat cold water after the operation.
主语
宾语
表语
定语
状语
宾补
动词不定式(The Infinitive)
一. 动词不定式的基本构成:
由不定式符号to加动词原形构成。其否定式由not+不定式构成
肯定式:to do sth 否定式:not to do sth.
被动式:to be done 完成式:to have done
二. 动词不定式的句法作用法
动词不定式有副词,形容词和名词的特征,因此在句中可作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语定语、状语等成份。
(1)作主语
不定式做主语时,可以直接放在谓语动词之前。
To see is to believe.
Not to get there in time is your fault.
注:常用it做形式主语,将to do放在位于之后,使句子保持平衡。
句型1:It + 谓语+ to do
It takes us an hour ___ get there by bus.
句型2:It’s + n. + to do
It’s our duty __ help the poor.
It is a great enjoyment __ spend our holiday in the mountains
句型3:It is adj. for/of sb. to do sth.
It is + adj + for sb to do sth
It is + adj + of sb to do sth
(是形容人的品质的)
(是形容事物的性质的)
It is easy for me to finish this work before ten.
It is a great honor for us to be present at your
birthday party.
It is very kind of you to give me some help.
It's impolite of you to speak to the teacher like that.
=You are very kind to give me so