文档介绍：一致关系
第十六章
一致关系指词语之间在人称、数、性等方面的一致。本章着重讨论词语之间在数方面的一致,即主谓一致。在判定一个句子主谓是否一致时,要遵循下列三个原则:即语法是否一致,意义是否一致以及邻近是否一致。
单数名词形式作主语的主谓一致
第一节
单数名词作主语,谓语动词通常用单数形式,但是有些单数名词形式却含有复数意义,这时要用复数形式。
一、集合名词作主语的主谓一致
1. 集合名词作主语,如果表示整体概念,谓语动词用单数;如表示成员则用复数。
army, audience, class, club, committee, company, crowd, couple, family, group, government, jury, party, personnel, staff, team, union, public.
If the football team wins the game, the club will be the champion.
The football team are discussing the problem with their coach now.
The family has lived in the house for over 20 years.
The family are going abroad for a holiday.
The population of the earth is increasing very fast.
One third of the population here are workers.
The choir sings in Church every Sunday.
The choir have all studied in a college of music.
2. 有些集合名词,如folk, people, police, militia(民兵组织;自卫队;义勇军), cattle, poultry, police, gentry(绅士阶层,上流社会人士), kindred(家族,相似,亲属关系), youth, mankind等作主语,动词总是跟复数形式。
Cattle are grazing in the field.
The police carry weapons.
二、单复数同形的名词作主语的主谓一致
单复数同形的名词作主语,要根据上下文的意义及修饰这些词的词来确定其谓语形式。常见的这部分名词有aircraft, deer, fish, means, sheep, species, series, works, crossroads, headquarters, anteloope, salmon, lodgings等。
There are various species of butterflies.
There has been a series of car accidents at the crossing.
Every means has been tried.
A sheep doesn't belong to ours.
More than a thousand sheep are eating grass on the hillside.
test
All the President's Men ___ one of the important books for historians who study the Watergate Scandal. 2007
remain
remains
remained
is remaining
test
The New York Times still ___(have) a wide circulation.
has
The Himalayas ___(be) the roof of the world.
are
复数名词形式作主语的主谓一致
第二节