文档介绍：被动语态(The Passive Voice)
英语动词有两种语态,即主动语态(The Active Voice)与被动语态(The Passive Voice)。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者;被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
. make trains in Zhuzhou .(主动语态) Trains are made in Zhuzhou. (被动语态)
farmers grow cotton every year. (主动语态) Cotton is grown by the farmers every year. (被动语态)
二、被动语态的用法
以下三种情况要用被动语态1. 当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者; 2. 没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时; 3. 只需强调动作的承受者时。
三、被动语态的构成:be + done (.--及物动词的过去分词)
四、主动语态变被动语态的方法:
1. 换:主动语态的宾语改成被动语态的主语;主动语态的主语变成被动语态中by的宾语。
2. 加:被动语态中要增加be 和by。
3. 变:主动语态变成被动语态后,谓语动词全都变成过去分词(done)形式。特别注意判断
时态,并注意时态的相应变化。
Eg: They make shoes in that factory.
The shoes are made by them in that factory.
五、不同时态的被动语态及句型变化:
时态
被动语态
是(be)情助
一般现在时
am/is/are + done
am/is are
一般过去时
was/were + done
was/were
现在进行时
am/is/are +being + done
am/is/are
过去进行时
was/were +being + done
was/were
一般将来时
will/shall + be + done
am/is are going to +be+done
will
am/is/are
过去将来时
would/ should + be + done
was/were +be+done
would
was/ were
现在完成时
have/has + been + done
have/has
过去完成时
had + been + done
had
现在完成进行时
have/has been being done
have/has
另:情态动词
can/may/must等+be+done
情
六、不能用于被动语态的情况:
1、某些表示“静态”的及物动词(表示状态而不是动作,而且常常是不可用于进行时态的动词)
如have,fit,suit,hold(容纳),cost, suffer,last(持续)等不能用于被动语态。
如: They have a nice 。 My shoes don't fit 。
My brain can't hold so much information at one