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外文出处: <<ENGINEERING MANAGEMENT PROFESSION>>
工程管理专业
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1、外文原文;
Scheduling systems and their selection
Scheduling systems
Now we are ready to discuss the various methods for scheduling capital construction projects that are available. The two basic methods that will be discussed are bar charts and logic-diagram-based schedules. Both methods are used extensively, and sometimes interchangeably, in project and construction work. Each method has its advantages and disadvantages. Knowing when to select the correct method is half the battle in essfully making and controlling your project schedule.
Bat charts
The forerunner to the bar chart was developed by two industrial engineers, Frederick W. Taylor and Henry L. Gantt, for scheduling production operations during World War I. the name “Gantt chart” is still in use today to designate certain types of bar charts. It was sometime after World War I that bar-charting was adapted to the scheduling of construction projects.
Bar charts are the simplest from of scheduling and have been in use the longest of any of the systems we have available. They offer the advantage of being cheap and simple to prepare; they are easy to read and update, and they are readily understood by anyone with a basic knowledge of the capital projects business. They are still in wide use today, even as a final product of puterized CPM scheduling system. The main disadvantage of the bar chart is its inability to show enough detail to cover all the activities on larger, complex projects. On large projects, the number of pages required to bar- chart the project es cumbersome, and interrelation of work activities es difficult to follow from page to page.
As the size plexity of projects grew in the late fifties and sixties in the 20th century, finishing projects late became the rule rather than the exception. Late finishes, along with their associated cost