文档介绍：JIANGXI AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY
本科毕业设计
题目: 基于单片机的家用漏电保护器设计
学院: 工学院
姓名: 曾丽丽
学号: 20061147
专业: 电子信息工程
年级: 信工062
指导教师: 龚水泉职称:副教授
二O一一年四月
摘要
日常生活中,因电气设备使用不当或线路漏电造成的电气事故时有发生,低压配电系统线路的漏电、用电设备的漏电、过载及短路或者接地电流流过金属焊缝发热都可能导致火灾。漏电保护器作为一种低压保护电器,可以用于防止漏电火灾造成的经济损失及人身触电造成的伤亡,因此得到广泛应用。由于漏电保护器主要由电子元件(或电磁器件)构成,其质量和性能的稳定性容易受材料、电子元件、电磁器件、环境、温度、生产工艺、技术要求等因素变化的影响。因此,为了提高其性能的稳定性,需要对漏电动作特性及其检测技术进行深入的研究。
首先对漏电动作特性检测技术的发展状况进行了分析,还对国家标准中的相关规定进行简要的分析;在此基础上,对漏电保护器的硬件和软件进行了设计。
本设计以 STC89C52 单片机为处理器,并对单片机系统单元、试验电流的产生和调节单元、电流信号采集单元,人机接口单元等硬件电路进行了设计和分析,并针对特性检测的特点提出了模块化的软件设计方案,以实现对漏电动作时间和漏电动作电流的精确检测和显示。
关键词:漏电保护器;漏电动作特性;单片机
ABSTRACT
Because of improper use of electrical equipment or electrical circuit’s leakage, electric accidents occurred from time to time. Fire may be caused by leakage circuit of the low-voltage distribution system or electrical equipment, overload, short circuit, or current flow through metal weld. Being a type of low-voltage safe apparatus, the residual current device (RCD) is used to avoid the electric shock and the fire accident. So they are widely used in daily life. Because RCD posed of the ponents (or ic devices), its quality and performance is easily affected by materials, ponents, ic devices, environment, temperature, production process, and technology requirement. Thus, to enhance the stability of its performance, we conduct thorough study on residual operating characteristics of RCD.
In this paper, we conduct deep theoretical study and practical exploration of test technology on the operation characters. The latest development of the same field and the relevant stipulation of national standards are well expatiated at the beginning of the dissertation. Based on these theoretic, the hardware and software of operation characters test are carried out.
Using SCM (Single Chip puter), STC89C52 as digital control system, study and analysis in SCM system, current generation and regulation unit, current acquisition unit, and interface unit. Modular software de