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Big Data Now
O’Reilly Media
Beijing • Cambridge • Farnham • Köln • Sebastopol • Tokyo
Big Data Now
by O’Reilly Media
Published by O’Reilly Media, Inc., 1005 Gravenstein Highway North, Sebastopol,
CA 95472.
O’Reilly books may be purchased for educational, business, or sales promotional
use. Online editions are also available for most titles (
). For more information, contact our corporate/institutional sales depart-
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Printing History:
September 2011: First Edition.
Nutshell Handbook, the Nutshell Handbook logo, and the O’Reilly logo are regis-
tered trademarks of O’Reilly Media, Inc. Big Data Now and related trade dress are
trademarks of O’Reilly Media, Inc.
Many of the designations used by manufacturers and sellers to distinguish their
products are claimed as trademarks. Where those designations appear in this book,
and O’Reilly Media, Inc., was aware of a trademark claim, the designations have
been printed in caps or initial caps.
While every precaution has been taken in the preparation of this book, the publisher
and authors assume no responsibility for errors or omissions, or for damages re-
sulting from the use of the information contained herein.
ISBN: 978-1-449-31518-4
1316111277
Table of Contents
Foreword . . . . . . . . .