文档介绍：编号:
毕业设计说明书
题目:静止无功补偿控制器设计
院(系): 机电工程学院
专业: 电气工程及其自动化
学生姓名:
学号:
指导教师:
职称: 高工
题目类型:¨理论研究¨实验研究þ工程设计¨工程技术研究¨软件开发
2008年 6 月5日
摘要
随着电力电子整流、换流技术和大功率晶闸管装置在各种电气设备中的广泛应用,无功问题在电力系统中已日趋严重。无功需要保持平衡,否则将会使系统电压下降,严重时,会导致设备损坏,系统解列。此外,网络的功率因数和电压降低,使电气设备得不到充分利用,促使网络传输能力下降,损耗增加。因此,解决好网络补偿问题对网络降损节能有着极为重要的意义。
无功补偿就是对无功功率进行调度以改善交流电力系统的供电质量,无功功率补偿装置在供电系统中所承担的作用是提高电网的功率因数,降低损耗,提高供电效率。提高功率因数可以改善设备利用率;提高功率因数可以减少电压损失,减少线路损失,提高电力网的传输能力。
作为无功功率的主要补偿手段,基于晶闸管控制的静止无功补偿器(SVC)可以较好地对无功进行补偿。本论文对目前公共电网补偿使用的静止无功补偿的基本理论及装置结构进行了分析,包括并联饱和电抗器型静止无功补偿(SR)、晶闸管控制电抗器型静止无功补偿(TCR)和晶闸管投切电容器型静止无功补偿(TSC),并研究了电网功率因数检测的理论和方法。针对补偿目标,以有效、可靠、动态响应速度快为目标,设计了无功补偿控制装置,可以有效控制目标系统的功率因数,对于稳定母线电压,提高供电质量,减少无功引起的损耗有积极的意义。
关键词:静止无功补偿器;晶闸管;SR;TCR;TSC;功率因数
Abstract
With the extensive application of electronics rectifying and converting technology and high power thyristor device in various kinds of electric equipments, the problem of reactive power es more and more serious. Reactive power should keep in balance, or the system voltage will be dropped, seriously, it will result in damage to equipment, and the system solutions will be out. In addition, the voltage and power factor of the work are dropped, making less use of electrical equipment, work transmission capacity ,and increasing loss . Therefore, to resolve the issue pensation has a very important significance for the reduction of energy loss in work.
Reactive pensation is the way to dispatch reactive power , in order to improve the power quality of AC in power system. The role of the reactive pensation devices in the power supply system is to improve the power factor and reduce losses and improve power supply efficiency. Increasing the power factor can improve equipment utilization, increasing the power factor can reduce the voltage loss and line losses, increase the transmission ability. The static and transient stabilities can be improved,voltage flicker can be restrained,and power factor can be increased.
As a main solution pensate reactive power,